Trypanosomatid infections: How do parasites and their excreted–secreted factors modulate the inducible metabolism of l-Arginine in macrophages?

Holzmuller Philippe, Geiger Anne, Nzoumbou-Boko Romaric, Pissarra Joana, Hamrouni Sarra, Rodrigues Valérie, Dauchy Frédéric-Antoine, Lemesre Jean-Loup, Vincendeau Philippe, Bras-Gonçalves Rachel. 2018. Trypanosomatid infections: How do parasites and their excreted–secreted factors modulate the inducible metabolism of l-Arginine in macrophages?. Frontiers in Immunology, 9:778, 14 p.

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : IMMUNOLOGY

Résumé : Mononuclear phagocytes (monocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages) are among the first host cells to face intra- and extracellular protozoan parasites such as trypanosomatids, and significant expansion of macrophages has been observed in infected hosts. They play essential roles in the outcome of infections caused by trypanosomatids, as they can not only exert a powerful antimicrobial activity but also promote parasite proliferation. These varied functions, linked to their phenotypic and metabolic plasticity, are exerted via distinct activation states, in which L-arginine metabolism plays a pivotal role. Depending on the environmental factors and immune response elements, L-arginine metabolites contribute to parasite elimination, mainly through nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, or to parasite proliferation, through L-ornithine and polyamine production. To survive and adapt to their hosts, parasites such as trypanosomatids developed mechanisms of interaction to modulate macrophage activation in their favor, by manipulating several cellular metabolic pathways. Recent reports emphasize that some excreted–secreted (ES) molecules from parasites and sugar-binding host receptors play a major role in this dialog, particularly in the modulation of the macrophage's inducible L-arginine metabolism. Preventing L-arginine dysregulation by drugs or by immunization against trypanosomatid ES molecules or by blocking partner host molecules may control early infection and is a promising way to tackle neglected diseases including Chagas disease, leishmaniases, and African trypanosomiases. The present review summarizes recent knowledge on trypanosomatids and their ES factors with regard to their influence on macrophage activation pathways, mainly the NO synthase/arginase balance. The review ends with prospects for the use of biological knowledge to develop new strategies of interference in the infectious processes used by trypanosomatids, in particular for the development of vaccines or immunotherapeutic approaches.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Trypanosoma, maladie de Chagas, trypanosomose, leishmaniose, macrophage, arginase, arginine, allomone

Mots-clés libres : Macrophage activation, L-arginine metabolism, Arginase, Secretome, Trypanosomatids

Classification Agris : L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux
L73 - Maladies des animaux
000 - Autres thèmes

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2014-2018) - Santé des animaux et des plantes

Agences de financement européennes : European Commission

Programme de financement européen : H2020

Projets sur financement : (EU) Control of leishmaniasis, from bench to bedside and community

Auteurs et affiliations

• Holzmuller Philippe, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-8919-9081 - auteur correspondant
• Geiger Anne, IRD (FRA)
• Nzoumbou-Boko Romaric, Université de Bordeaux (FRA)
• Pissarra Joana, IRD (FRA)
• Hamrouni Sarra, Université de Montpellier (FRA)
• Rodrigues Valérie, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA)
• Dauchy Frédéric-Antoine, IRD (FRA)
• Lemesre Jean-Loup, IRD (FRA)
• Vincendeau Philippe, Université de Bordeaux II (FRA)
• Bras-Gonçalves Rachel, IRD (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/590131/)

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