Importance and trees management of Senegalia senegal on soil fertility and yield of associated crops in northern Senegal

Fall Dioumacor, Wilson Julia, Kane Alioune, Bakhoum Niokhor, Ndoye Fatou, Sylla Elhadji Serigne, Lesueur Didier, Diouf Diégane. 2019. Importance and trees management of Senegalia senegal on soil fertility and yield of associated crops in northern Senegal. In : 4th World Congress on Agroforestry. Book of abstracts. Dupraz Christian (ed.), Gosme Marie (ed.), Lawson Gerry (ed.). CIRAD, INRA, World Agroforestry, Agropolis International, MUSE. Montpellier : CIRAD-INRA, Résumé, p. 650. World Congress on Agroforestry. 4, Montpellier, France, 20 Mai 2019/22 Mai 2019.

https://agroforestry2019.cirad.fr/news-press

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Résumé : Trees are usually eliminated in field due their possible competition with crops for water and nutrients. Our work aimed to investigate how to manage S. senegal trees to optimize their association with crops. A field trial was conducted under natural conditions in a S. senegal plantation 10 years old. Investigations were conducted during two years to evaluate the effect of S. senegal trees management on gum arabic yield, associated cowpea yield, soil mycorrhizal fungi spores density and enzymes activities reflecting soil fertility such as fluorescein diacetate (FDA), acid phosphatase and dehydrogenase. Four treatments of pruning were applicated (control, shoots, roots, shoots and roots pruning) and tapped in november. Soil samples were collected during dry and wet seasons at 0-25 cm layer. Cowpeas were sown at the beginning of rainy season in rows 0.5 m apart. Results showed that shoots pruning significantly increased gum arabic while a negative effect of roots pruning was noted. The presence of S. senegal increased soil fertility and cowpea yield. Any significant effect of treatments was noted on pods yield during the first year. However, shoots pruning, shoot and roots pruning increased significantly pods yield during the second year. Shoots and roots pruning seemed to decrease FDA and spores density depending on the season. Our results showed that shoots and roots pruning increased the positive effect on soil fertility and the association of S. senegal with annual crops.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : agroforesterie, culture associée, rendement des cultures, fertilité du sol

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Sénégal

Mots-clés complémentaires : Senegalia senegal

Mots-clés libres : Agroforestry, Sustainability

Classification Agris : K10 - Production forestière
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
P35 - Fertilité du sol

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