Adaptation and correlated fitness responses over two time scales in Drosophila suzukii populations evolving in different environments

Olazcuaga Laure, Foucaud Julien, Gautier Mathieu, Deschamps Candice, Loiseau Anne, Leménager Nicolas, Facon Benoît, Ravigné Virginie, Hufbauer Ruth A., Estoup Arnaud, Rode Nicolas-Olivier. 2021. Adaptation and correlated fitness responses over two time scales in Drosophila suzukii populations evolving in different environments. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 34 (8) : 1225-1240.

https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13878

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact

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Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://doi.org/10.15454/BYNEHB / Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.crjdfn33t

Quartile : Q3, Sujet : ECOLOGY / Quartile : Q3, Sujet : EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY / Quartile : Q3, Sujet : GENETICS & HEREDITY

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui

Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Psychologie-éthologie-ergonomie

Résumé : The process of local adaptation involves differential changes in fitness over time across different environments. Although experimental evolution studies have extensively tested for patterns of local adaptation at a single time point, there is relatively little research that examines fitness more than once during the time course of adaptation. We allowed replicate populations of the fruit pest Drosophila suzukii to evolve in one of eight different fruit media. After five generations, populations with the highest initial levels of maladaptation had mostly gone extinct, whereas experimental populations evolving on cherry, strawberry and cranberry media had survived. We measured the fitness of each surviving population in each of the three fruit media after five and after 26 generations of evolution. After five generations, adaptation to each medium was associated with increased fitness in the two other media. This was also true after 26 generations, except when populations that evolved on cranberry medium developed on cherry medium. These results suggest that, in the theoretical framework of a fitness landscape, the fitness optima of cherry and cranberry media are the furthest apart. Our results show that studying how fitness changes across several environments and across multiple generations provides insights into the dynamics of local adaptation that would not be evident if fitness were analysed at a single point in time. By allowing a qualitative mapping of an experimental fitness landscape, our approach will improve our understanding of the ecological factors that drive the evolution of local adaptation in D. suzukii.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : ravageur des plantes, adaptation, facteur écologique, physiologie animale, adaptation physiologique, évolution

Mots-clés complémentaires : Drosophila suzukii

Mots-clés libres : Adaptation, Experimental evolution, Fitness landscape, Fitness trade-off, Reciprocal transplant experiment, Specialization

Classification Agris : H10 - Ravageurs des plantes
L50 - Physiologie et biochimie animales

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

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