Microbiome status of cider-apples, from orchard to processing, with a special focus on Penicillium expansum occurrence and patulin contamination

Al Riachy Reem, Strub Caroline, Durand Noël, Guibert Benjamin, Guichard Hugues, Constancias Florentin, Chochois Vincent, Lopez-Lauri Félicie, Fontana Angélique, Schorr-Galindo Sabine. 2021. Microbiome status of cider-apples, from orchard to processing, with a special focus on Penicillium expansum occurrence and patulin contamination. Journal of Fungi, 7 (4), n.spéc. Fungal Biodiversity and Ecology:244, 21 p.

https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7040244

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact Revue en libre accès total

Prévisualisation

Version publiée - Anglais
Sous licence

.
patrisk.pdf
Télécharger (4MB) | Prévisualisation

Quartile : Q1, Sujet : MYCOLOGY / Quartile : Q2, Sujet : MICROBIOLOGY

Résumé : Patulin is a secondary metabolite produced primarily by the fungus Penicillium expansum, responsible for the blue mold disease on apples. It is found in apple products including apple cider when apple juice is added after fermentation. In the present study, two hundred and twenty-five cider-apples of the variety “Bedan”, cultivated in Brittany in France, were sampled from the orchard during harvesting until the storage step, right before processing. The patulin analysis on these samples reported a low contamination at the orchard and a significantly higher-level of contamination in the cider-apples starting from the transporting bin. The percentage of positive samples increased from 6% to 47% after 12 h in the harvesting bin before transporting and reached 95% after 24 h of transporting, decreasing then to 69% at the end of the storage. Penicillium expansum was quantified on the surface of apples using real-time PCR and was observed to be mostly consistent between the harvest and post-harvest steps. It was detected on average, on the surface of 85% of all sampled apples with a mean value around 2.35 × 106 Penicillium expansum DNA/g of apple. Moreover, the changes in the fungal and bacterial epiphytic microbiota in the different steps were studied using a metabarcoding approach. The alpha and beta diversity analysis revealed the presence of unique and more diverse bacterial and fungal communities on the surface of apples picked from the orchard compared to the rest of the sampling steps. Potential indigenous biological control agents were identified on the surface of sampled apples. Future perspective includes developing actions of prevention and control of the contamination by Penicillium expansum during the harvest and along the various critical post-harvest stages before transformation in a sustainable development concern.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : flore microbienne, Penicillium expansum, patuline, métabolite secondaire, cidre, Moisissure, contamination

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : France

Mots-clés complémentaires : moisissure bleue des pommes

Mots-clés libres : Microbiota, Blue mold disease, Penicillium expansum, Patulin, Cider-apple

Classification Agris : Q03 - Contamination et toxicologie alimentaires
H20 - Maladies des plantes
Q02 - Traitement et conservation des produits alimentaires

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 3 (2019-) - Systèmes alimentaires

Auteurs et affiliations