Alfalfa leaf curl virus is efficiently acquired by its aphid vector Aphis craccivora but inefficiently transmitted

Ryckebusch Faustine, Peterschmitt Michel, Granier Martine, Sauvion Nicolas. 2021. Alfalfa leaf curl virus is efficiently acquired by its aphid vector Aphis craccivora but inefficiently transmitted. Journal of General Virology, 102 (2):1516, 18 p.

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY / Quartile : Q2, Sujet : VIROLOGY

Résumé : Alfalfa leaf curl virus (ALCV) is the first geminivirus for which aphid transmission was reported. Transmission by Aphis craccivora was determined previously to be highly specific and circulative. Using various complementary techniques, the transmission journey of ALCV was monitored from its uptake from infected plant tissues up to the head of its vector. ALCV was shown to be restricted to phloem tissues using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and electropenetrography (EPG) monitoring of virus acquisition. Furthermore, the virus is heterogeneously distributed in phloem tissues, as revealed by FISH and quantitative PCR of viral DNA acquired by EPG-monitored aphids. Despite the efficient ingestion of viral DNA, about 106 viral DNA copies per insect in a 15 h feeding period on ALCV-infected plants, the individual maximum transmission rate was 12 %. Transmission success was related to a critical viral accumulation, around 1.6×107 viral DNA copies per insect, a threshold that generally needed more than 48 h to be reached. Moreover, whereas the amount of acquired virus did not decrease over time in the whole aphid body, it declined in the haemolymph and heads. ALCV was not detected in progenies of viruliferous aphids and did not affect aphid fitness. Compared to geminiviruses transmitted by whiteflies or leafhoppers, or to luteoviruses transmitted by aphids, the transmission efficiency of ALCV by A. craccivora is low. This result is discussed in relation to the aphid vector of this geminivirus and the agroecological features of alfalfa, a hardy perennial host plant.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : enroulement des feuilles, Aphis craccivora, vecteur de maladie

Mots-clés libres : Aphididae, Capulavirus, Epidemiology, Hemiptera, Luteovirus, Nanovirus

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement hors UE : Agropolis Fondation

Auteurs et affiliations

• Ryckebusch Faustine, Université de Montpellier (FRA)
• Peterschmitt Michel, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PHIM (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-8709-9418 - auteur correspondant
• Granier Martine, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PHIM (FRA)
• Sauvion Nicolas, INRAE (FRA) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/600955/)

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