Adaptation of some quinoa genotypes (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), grown in a saharan climate in Algeria

Maamri Kelthoum, Djerroudi Zidane Ouiza, Chaabena Ahmed, Fiene Gabriele, Bazile Didier. 2022. Adaptation of some quinoa genotypes (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.), grown in a saharan climate in Algeria. Life, 12 (11), n.spéc. Plant Biotic and Abiotic Stresses:1854, 22 p.

Résumé : Agriculture in southern Algeria faces several challenges that hinder its development, including drought, high temperatures and the excessive salinity of soil and groundwater. The introduction of crops resistant to these factors is one of the solutions chosen to address these abiotic constraints. This research aimed to evaluate the behavior of quinoa (Chenopodium Quinoa Willd.) grown in the Ouargla region of southeastern Algeria. Five varieties of quinoa (Santa maria, Giza1, Amarilla Sacaca, Blanca de Junin and Kancolla) were tested at two sites that differed in terms of soil salinity (9.95 mS/cm and 0.85 mS/cm) during 2019 and 2020. A complete random block experimental design with four repetitions was used for the agronomic tests. Our results clearly show that higher grain yields were obtained at the high salinity site (site 1) compared to the low salinity site (site 2). However, plant height, grain yield per plant and harvest index differed between varieties and sites. In contrast, stem diameter was not greatly affected by salinity. The varieties that seem to be best adapted to the growing conditions of the Ouargla region are, in descending order: Santa Maria, Giza1, Amarilla Sacaca and Blanca de Junin. When testing quinoa in new environments, it is critical to adapt the cropping cycle of varieties to avoid very high temperatures. The choice to switch to winter cultivation instead of spring cultivation can be an essential criterion for success. The biogeographical approach conducted in this research opens up new perspectives for the adaptation and cultivation of quinoa outside its region of origin to satisfy the food security of the people of North Africa.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : choix des variétés, facteurs abiotiques, adaptation physiologique, génotype, climat aride, terres arides, résistance à la sécheresse, tolérance au sel, Chenopodium quinoa

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Algérie

Mots-clés libres : Quinoa, Algeria, Adapatation, Salinity, Drylands

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
H50 - Troubles divers des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Auteurs et affiliations

• Maamri Kelthoum, UKMO (DZA)
• Djerroudi Zidane Ouiza, UKMO (DZA)
• Chaabena Ahmed, UKMO (DZA)
• Fiene Gabriele, CIRAD-ES-UMR SENS (FRA)
• Bazile Didier, CIRAD-ES-UMR SENS (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-5617-9319 - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/603031/)

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