Genetic diversity and structure of Bipolaris oryzae and Exserohilum rostratum populations causing brown spot of rice in Burkina Faso based on genotyping-by-sequencing

Kabore Kouka Hilaire, Kassankogno Abalo Itolou, Adreit Henri, Milazzo Joëlle, Guillou Sonia, Blondin Laurence, Chopin Laurie, Ravel Sébastien, Charriat Florian, Barro Mariam, Tollenaere Charlotte, Lebrun Marc-Henri, Tharreau Didier. 2022. Genetic diversity and structure of Bipolaris oryzae and Exserohilum rostratum populations causing brown spot of rice in Burkina Faso based on genotyping-by-sequencing. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13:1022348, 15 p.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.1022348

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Résumé : In recent years, Brown spot disease of rice (BSR) has been observed on leaves and seeds of rice in all rice-growing areas of Burkina Faso. Bipolaris oryzae and Exserohilum rostratum are the main fungal species isolated from BSR infected tissues and they are frequently observed in the same field. However, we are lacking information on the genetic diversity and population structure of these fungi in Burkina Faso. The mode of reproduction is also unknown. The genetic diversity of isolates of B. oryzae (n=61) and E. rostratum (n=151), collected from major rice-growing areas of Burkina Faso, was estimated using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). The mean values for nucleotide diversity (π) were 1.9 x10-4 for B. oryzae and 4.8 x10-4 for E. rostratum. There is no genetic differentiation between the geographical populations of each species. The analysis of molecular variance revealed that 89% and 94% of the genetic variances were within the populations of B. oryzae and E. rostratum, respectively. For each species, four genetic clusters were identified by two clustering methods (DAPC and sNMF). The distribution of these genetic groups was independent of the geographical origin of the isolates. Evidence of recombination was detected in the populations of B. oryzae and E. rostratum. For B. oryzae balanced mating type ratios were supporting sexual reproduction. For E. rostratum overrepresentation of MAT1-2 isolates (79%) suggested a predominant asexual reproduction. This study provides important information on the biology and genetics of the two major fungi causing brown spot disease of rice in Burkina Faso.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Oryza, maladie fongique, recombinaison

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Burkina Faso

Mots-clés complémentaires : Bipolaris oryzae, Exserohilum rostratum

Mots-clés libres : Linkage disequilibrium, Mating type, Recombination, Reproduction, Rice disease, Fungal pathogen

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

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