Serological evidence of circulation of West Nile virus in equids in Algerian eastern drylands and its epidemiological risk factors

Laabassi Farouk, Dheilly Nolwenn M., Beck Cécile, Amaral Rayane, Gonzalez Gaëlle, Gaudaire Delphine, Madeline Anthony, Lecouturier Fanny, Lecollinet Sylvie, Zientara Stéphan, Hans Aymeric, Valle-Casuso José-Carlos. 2023. Serological evidence of circulation of West Nile virus in equids in Algerian eastern drylands and its epidemiological risk factors. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 94:101947, 7 p.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2023.101947

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact

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Résumé : In order to determine the prevalence of equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), Usutu virus (USUV), and West Nile virus (WNV) in eastern Algerian drylands, 340 sera from distinct equids have been collected from 2015 to 2017. Serological analysis for the presence of antibodies against EIAV and flaviviruses was performed using commercially available ELISAs. Sera detected positive, doubtful, or negative close to the doubtful threshold in flavivirus ELISA were tested by the virus neutralization test (VNT), using WNV and USUV strains. The prevalence of WNV antibodies with ELISA was 11.47% (39/340) against 13.53% (46/340) by WNV VNT. EIAV antibodies were not detected in any samples. WNV seroprevalence varies with species, breed and location of horses. Only, one equid was positive for both WNV and USUV neutralizing antibodies. This is the first screening on equids sera of EIAV and USUV in Algeria. This study indicate that WNV and possibly USUV have circulated/are circulating in the Algerian equine population, unlike EIAV does not seem to be present.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : virus du nil occidental, sérologie, Equidae, surveillance épidémiologique, zone aride, cheval, facteur de risque, évaluation du risque, anémie infectieuse du cheval, virus des animaux

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Algérie

Mots-clés complémentaires : virus Usutu

Mots-clés libres : West Nile virus, Usutu virus, Equids, Algeria

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

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