Biogeographic history and habitat specialization shape floristic and phylogenetic composition across Amazonian forests

Baraloto Christopher, Vleminckx Jason, Engel Julien, Petronelli Pascal, Dávila Nállarett, Rios Marcos, Valderrama Sandoval Elvis Harry, Mesones Italo, Guevara Andino Juan Ernesto, Fortunel Claire, Allie Elodie, Paine C. E. Timothy, Dourdain Aurélie, Goret Jean-Yves, Valverde-Barrantes Oscar J., Draper Frederick C., Fine Paul V. A.. 2021. Biogeographic history and habitat specialization shape floristic and phylogenetic composition across Amazonian forests. Ecological Monographs, 91 (4):e01473, 19 p.

Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9s4mw6mg0

Quartile : Outlier, Sujet : ECOLOGY

Résumé : A major challenge remains to understand the relative contributions of history, dispersal, and environmental filtering to the assembly of hyperdiverse communities across spatial scales. Here, we examine the extent to which biogeographical history and habitat specialization have generated turnover among and within lineages of Amazonian trees across broad geographic and environmental gradients. We replicated standardized tree inventories in 102 0.1-ha plots located in two distant regions—the western Amazon and the eastern Guiana shield. Within each region, we used a nested design to replicate plots on contrasted habitats: white-sand, terra firme, and seasonally flooded forests. Our plot network encompassed 26,386 trees that together represented 2,745 distinct taxa, which we standardized across all plots and regions. We combined taxonomic and phylogenetic data with detailed soil measurements and climatic data to: (1) test whether patterns of taxonomic and phylogenetic composition are consistent with recent or historical processes, (2) disentangle the relative effects of habitat, environment, and geographic distance on taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover among plots, and (3) contrast the proportion of habitat specialists among species from each region. We found substantial species turnover between Peru and French Guiana, with only 8.8% of species shared across regions; genus composition remained differentiated across habitats and regions, whereas turnover at higher taxonomic levels (family, order) was much lower. Species turnover across plots was explained primarily by regions, but also substantially by habitat differences and to a lesser extent by spatial distance within regions. Conversely, the composition of higher taxonomic levels was better explained by habitats (especially comparing white-sand forests to other habitats) than spatial distance. White-sand forests harbored most of the habitat specialists in both regions, with stronger habitat specialization in Peru than in French Guiana. Our results suggest that recent diversification events have resulted in extremely high turnover in species and genus composition with relatively little change in the composition of higher lineages. Our results also emphasize the contributions of rare habitats, such as white-sand forests, to the extraordinary diversity of the Amazon and underline their importance as conservation priorities.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : composition botanique, habitat, forêt, histoire, forêt tropicale humide, biodiversité forestière, distribution géographique, biodiversité, diversification, écologie animale

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Guyane française, France, Pérou, Amazonie

Mots-clés libres : Beta diversity, Climate, Community assembly, Flooded forest, Forest structure, French Guiana, Peru, Soil properties, Tropical rainforest, White-sand forest

Agences de financement hors UE : National Science Foundation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Le rôle des ennemis naturels dans la diversité béta des arbres tropicaux, (FRA) CEnter of the study of Biodiversity in Amazonia

Auteurs et affiliations

• Baraloto Christopher, Florida International University (USA) - auteur correspondant
• Vleminckx Jason, Florida International University (USA) - auteur correspondant
• Engel Julien, CNRS (FRA)
• Petronelli Pascal, CIRAD-ES-UMR Ecofog (GUF)
• Dávila Nállarett, IIAP (PER)
• Rios Marcos, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (PER)
• Valderrama Sandoval Elvis Harry, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana (PER)
• Mesones Italo, UC (USA)
• Guevara Andino Juan Ernesto, Universidad de las Américas (ECU)
• Fortunel Claire, IRD (FRA)
• Allie Elodie, UAG (GLP)
• Paine C. E. Timothy, University of New England (AUS)
• Dourdain Aurélie, CIRAD-ES-UMR TETIS (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-6847-0434
• Goret Jean-Yves, INRAE (FRA)
• Valverde-Barrantes Oscar J., Florida International University (USA)
• Draper Frederick C., Florida International University (USA)
• Fine Paul V. A., University of California Berkeley (USA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/605897/)

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