Searching for genetic evidence of demographic decline in an arctic seabird: Beware of overlapping generations

Charbonnel Emeline, Daguin-Thiébaut Claire, Caradec Lucille, Moittié Eléonore, Gilg Olivier, Gavrilo Maria V., Strom Hallvard, Mallory Mark L., Morrison R. I. Guy, Gilchrist Grant, Leblois Raphaël, Roux Camille, Yearsley Jonathan M., Yannic Glenn, Broquet Thomas. 2022. Searching for genetic evidence of demographic decline in an arctic seabird: Beware of overlapping generations. Heredity, 128 (5) : 364-376.

Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.j0zpc86gk

Résumé : Genetic data are useful for detecting sudden population declines in species that are difficult to study in the field. Yet this indirect approach has its own drawbacks, including population structure, mutation patterns, and generation overlap. The ivory gull (Pagophila eburnea), a long-lived Arctic seabird, is currently suffering from rapid alteration of its primary habitat (i.e., sea ice), and dramatic climatic events affecting reproduction and recruitment. However, ivory gulls live in remote areas, and it is difficult to assess the population trend of the species across its distribution. Here we present complementary microsatellite- and SNP-based genetic analyses to test a recent bottleneck genetic signal in ivory gulls over a large portion of their distribution. With attention to the potential effects of population structure, mutation patterns, and sample size, we found no significant signatures of population decline worldwide. At a finer scale, we found a significant bottleneck signal at one location in Canada. These results were compared with predictions from simulations showing how generation time and generation overlap can delay and reduce the bottleneck microsatellite heterozygosity excess signal. The consistency of the results obtained with independent methods strongly indicates that the species shows no genetic evidence of an overall decline in population size. However, drawing conclusions related to the species' population trends will require a better understanding of the effect of age structure in long-lived species. In addition, estimates of the effective global population size of ivory gulls were surprisingly low (~1000 ind.), suggesting that the evolutionary potential of the species is not assured.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : dynamique des populations, microsatellite, marqueur génétique, génétique des populations, variation génétique, mutation, mouette, modèle mathématique, glace d'eau de mer, modèle de simulation, climat polaire

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : océan Arctique

Mots-clés libres : Conservation biology, Population genetics

Auteurs et affiliations

• Charbonnel Emeline, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR CBGP (FRA)
• Daguin-Thiébaut Claire, CNRS (FRA)
• Caradec Lucille, CNRS (FRA)
• Moittié Eléonore, CNRS (FRA)
• Gilg Olivier, CNRS (FRA)
• Gavrilo Maria V., AARI (RUS)
• Strom Hallvard, Norwegian Polar Institute (NOR)
• Mallory Mark L., Acadia University (CAN)
• Morrison R. I. Guy, National Wildlife Research Center (CAN)
• Gilchrist Grant, National Wildlife Research Center (CAN)
• Leblois Raphaël, INRAE (FRA)
• Roux Camille, Université de Lille (FRA)
• Yearsley Jonathan M., University college Dublin (IRL)
• Yannic Glenn, Université Grenoble Alpes (FRA) - auteur correspondant
• Broquet Thomas, CNRS (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/608305/)

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