Genome-wide association studies reveal novel loci for resistance to groundnut rosette disease in the African core groundnut collection

Achola Esther, Wasswa Peter, Fonceka Daniel, Clevenger Josh, Bajaj Prasad, Ozias-Akins Peggy, Rami Jean-François, Deom Carl Michael, Hoisington David, Edema Richard, Odeny Damaris Achieng, Okello David K.. 2023. Genome-wide association studies reveal novel loci for resistance to groundnut rosette disease in the African core groundnut collection. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 136:35, 20 p.

Résumé : Groundnut is cultivated in several African countries where it is a major source of food, feed and income. One of the major constraints to groundnut production in Africa is groundnut rosette disease (GRD), which is caused by a complex of three agents: groundnut rosette assistor luteovirus, groundnut rosette umbravirus and its satellite RNA. Despite several years of breeding for GRD resistance, the genetics of the disease is not fully understood. The objective of the current study was to use the African core collection to establish the level of genetic variation in their response to GRD, and to map genomic regions responsible for the observed resistance. The African groundnut core genotypes were screened across two GRD hotspot locations in Uganda (Nakabango and Serere) for 3 seasons. The Area Under Disease Progress Curve combined with 7523 high quality SNPs were analyzed to establish marker-trait associations (MTAs). Genome-Wide Association Studies based on Enriched Compressed Mixed Linear Model detected 32 MTAs at Nakabango: 21 on chromosome A04, 10 on B04 and 1 on B08. Two of the significant markers were localised on the exons of a putative TIR-NBS-LRR disease resistance gene on chromosome A04. Our results suggest the likely involvement of major genes in the resistance to GRD but will need to be further validated with more comprehensive phenotypic and genotypic datasets. The markers identified in the current study will be developed into routine assays and validated for future genomics-assisted selection for GRD resistance in groundnut.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : amélioration des plantes, résistance génétique, variation génétique, résistance aux maladies, marqueur génétique, génotype, Arachis hypogaea, ARN satellite, phénotype, génétique des populations, Umbravirus, Phaseolus vulgaris

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Ouganda, Afrique, Sénégal

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Auteurs et affiliations

• Achola Esther, Makerere University (UGA)
• Wasswa Peter, Makerere University (UGA)
• Fonceka Daniel, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• Clevenger Josh, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology (USA)
• Bajaj Prasad, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropic (IND)
• Ozias-Akins Peggy, University of Georgia (USA)
• Rami Jean-François, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-5679-3877
• Deom Carl Michael, University of Georgia (USA)
• Hoisington David, University of Georgia (USA)
• Edema Richard, Makerere University (UGA)
• Odeny Damaris Achieng, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropic (KEN) - auteur correspondant
• Okello David K., National Semi-Arid Resources Research (UGA) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/608533/)

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