Flying syringes for emerging enzootic virus screening: proof of concept for the development of noninvasive xenosurveillance tools based on tsetse flies

Valente Adeline, Jiolle Davy, Ravel Sophie, Porciani Angélique, Vial Laurence, Michaud Vincent, Kwiatek Olivier, Pédarrieu Aurélie, Missé Dorothée, Ferraris Pauline, Bretagnolle François, Bitome-Essono Paul Yannick, Makanga Boris, Rougeron Virginie, Prugnolle Franck, Paupy Christophe. 2023. Flying syringes for emerging enzootic virus screening: proof of concept for the development of noninvasive xenosurveillance tools based on tsetse flies. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases, 2023:9145289, 10 p.

Résumé : Pathogen transfers between wild and domestic animals and between animals and humans are increasing. Their dramatic consequences for public and veterinary health as well as for conservation call for innovative and user-friendly methods for pathogen surveillance in wildlife. Xenosurveillance, a method based on the use of invertebrates (e.g., mosquitoes, hematophagous flies, leeches, cadaveric arthropods) to sample animal tissues (e.g., blood) and the associated pathogens, is one of these tools. Previously, we demonstrated that hematophagous flies, such as tsetse flies, could be useful to detect and identify the etiological agents of malaria in a diverse range of mammals in Gabon. However, we did not assess whether this method can be also used to detect viruses. In the present study, we experimentally fed tsetse flies (Glossina fuscipes fuscipes) rabbit blood containing different viruses of medical or veterinary importance (Zika, Dengue, Chikungunya, African swine fever, Bluetongue, and peste des petits ruminants viruses). Then, we used quantitative PCR (i) to determine for how long viral nucleic acid fragments remained detectable in the tsetse midgut during blood digestion and (ii) to compare two blood meal preservation methods (i.e., FTA cards and RNAlater solution) tested using tsetse flies engorged with blood and dengue-2 virus. All viruses remained detectable for 6 days after feeding, although the detection probability significantly decreased over time. FTA cards and RNAlater solution gave similar results in terms of virus detection. Our results demonstrate that xenosurveillance using blood-engorged tsetse flies is a valuable tool to track and survey viruses in wildlife in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Glossina, animal sauvage, virus des animaux, peste des petits ruminants, surveillance épidémiologique, virus peste porcine africaine, Invertébré, zoonose, animal domestique, agent pathogène, santé publique, hématophagie, virus bluetongue, sang

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Gabon

Classification Agris : L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux
L73 - Maladies des animaux
S50 - Santé humaine

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement européennes : European Commission

Agences de financement hors UE : Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Programme de financement européen : H2020

Projets sur financement : (EU) Research Infrastructures for the control of vector-borne diseases, (EU) A global alliance for Zika virus control and prevention, (FRA) Invasion d’Ae. albopictus dans les écosystèmes forestiers d’Afrique Centrale et risque d’émergence de nouveaux virus zoonotiques

Auteurs et affiliations

• Valente Adeline, IRD (FRA)
• Jiolle Davy, CIRMF (GAB)
• Ravel Sophie, IRD (FRA)
• Porciani Angélique, IRD (FRA)
• Vial Laurence, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA)
• Michaud Vincent, CIRAD-DGDRD (FRA)
• Kwiatek Olivier, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA)
• Pédarrieu Aurélie, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR ASTRE (FRA)
• Missé Dorothée, IRD (FRA)
• Ferraris Pauline, IRD (FRA)
• Bretagnolle François, Université de Bourgogne (FRA)
• Bitome-Essono Paul Yannick, IRET (GAB)
• Makanga Boris, CIRMF (GAB)
• Rougeron Virginie, CNRS (FRA)
• Prugnolle Franck, IRD (FRA) - auteur correspondant
• Paupy Christophe, IRD (CMR) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/608545/)

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