Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis causing anthrax in sub-saharan Africa - Chromosomal monophyly and broad geographic distribution

Antonation Kym S., Grützmacher Kim, Dupke Susann, Mabon Philip, Zimmermann Fee, Lankester Felix, Peller Tianna, Feistner Anna, Todd Angelique, Herbinger Ilka, De Nys Hélène, Muyembe-Tamfun Jean-Jacques, Karhemere Stomy, Wittig Roman M., Couacy-Hymann Emmanuel, Grunow Roland, Calvignac-Spencer Sébastien, Corbett Cindi R., Klee Silke R., Leendertz Fabian Hubertus. 2016. Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis causing anthrax in sub-saharan Africa - Chromosomal monophyly and broad geographic distribution. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 10 (9):e0004923, 14 p.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004923

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Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/biosample/?term=SAMN03610233 / Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/biosample/?term=SAMN03610237 / Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://figshare.com/articles/dataset/_i_Bacillus_cereus_i_Biovar_Anthracis_Causing_Anthrax_in_Sub-Saharan_Africa_Chromosomal_Monophyly_and_Broad_Geographic_Distribution/3815880

Résumé : Through full genome analyses of four atypical Bacillus cereus isolates, designated B. cereus biovar anthracis, we describe a distinct clade within the B. cereus group that presents with anthrax-like disease, carrying virulence plasmids similar to those of classic Bacillus anthracis. We have isolated members of this clade from different mammals (wild chimpanzees, gorillas, an elephant and goats) in West and Central Africa (Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Central African Republic and Democratic Republic of Congo). The isolates shared several phenotypic features of both B. anthracis and B. cereus, but differed amongst each other in motility and their resistance or sensitivity to penicillin. They all possessed the same mutation in the regulator gene plcR, different from the one found in B. anthracis, and in addition, carry genes which enable them to produce a second capsule composed of hyaluronic acid. Our findings show the existence of a discrete clade of the B. cereus group capable of causing anthrax-like disease, found in areas of high biodiversity, which are possibly also the origin of the worldwide distributed B. anthracis. Establishing the impact of these pathogenic bacteria on threatened wildlife species will require systematic investigation. Furthermore, the consumption of wildlife found dead by the local population and presence in a domestic animal reveal potential sources of exposure to humans.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : éléphant d'Afrique, phylogénie, caprin, distribution géographique, Bacillus anthracis, plasmide, animal sauvage, Bacillus cereus, acide hyaluronique

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : République démocratique du Congo, République centrafricaine, Cameroun, Côte d'Ivoire, Afrique, Congo

Agences de financement hors UE : Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

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