Tree diversity reduces variability in sapling survival under drought

Blondeel Haben, Guillemot Joannès, Martin-StPaul Nicolas K., Druel Arsène, Bilodeau-Gauthier Simon, Bauhus Jürgen, Grossiord Charlotte, Hector Andrew, Jactel Hervé, Jensen Joel, Messier Christian, Muys Bart, Serrano-León Hernán, Auge Harald, Barsoum Nadia, Birhane Emiru, Bruelheide Helge, Cavender-Bares Jeannine, Chu Chengjin, Cumming Jonathan, et al.. 2024. Tree diversity reduces variability in sapling survival under drought. Journal of Ecology, 112 (5) : 1164-1180.

Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.25359751

Résumé : Enhancing tree diversity may be important to fostering resilience to drought-related climate extremes. So far, little attention has been given to whether tree diversity can increase the survival of trees and reduce its variability in young forest plantations. We conducted an analysis of seedling and sapling survival from 34 globally distributed tree diversity experiments (363,167 trees, 168 species, 3744 plots, 7 biomes) to answer two questions: (1) Do drought and tree diversity alter the mean and variability in plot-level tree survival, with higher and less variable survival as diversity increases? and (2) Do species that survive poorly in monocultures survive better in mixtures and do specific functional traits explain monoculture survival? Tree species richness reduced variability in plot-level survival, while functional diversity (Rao's Q entropy) increased survival and also reduced its variability. Importantly, the reduction in survival variability became stronger as drought severity increased. We found that species with low survival in monocultures survived comparatively better in mixtures when under drought. Species survival in monoculture was positively associated with drought resistance (indicated by hydraulic traits such as turgor loss point), plant height and conservative resource-acquisition traits (e.g. low leaf nitrogen concentration and small leaf size). Synthesis. The findings highlight: (1) The effectiveness of tree diversity for decreasing the variability in seedling and sapling survival under drought; and (2) the importance of drought resistance and associated traits to explain altered tree species survival in response to tree diversity and drought. From an ecological perspective, we recommend mixing be considered to stabilize tree survival, particularly when functionally diverse forests with drought-resistant species also promote high survival of drought-sensitive species.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : résistance à la sécheresse, compétition intraspécifique, sécheresse, changement climatique, arbre forestier, adaptation aux changements climatiques, écologie forestière, biodiversité forestière, plantation forestière, biodiversité, tolérance à la sécheresse, culture en mélange

Mots-clés libres : Climate change adaptation, Functional traits, IDENT, Relative extractable water (REW), Standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), Tree mortality, TreeDivNet

Classification Agris : K70 - Dégâts causés aux forêts et leur protection
H50 - Troubles divers des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement hors UE : Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Belgian Federal Science Policy Office, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo, Austrian Science Fund, Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas, Austrian Science Fund

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Mixed Forest plantations for climate Change mitigation and adaptation.

Auteurs et affiliations

• Blondeel Haben, Ghent University (BEL) - auteur correspondant
• Guillemot Joannès, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Eco&Sols (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-4385-7656
• Martin-StPaul Nicolas K., INRAE (FRA)
• Druel Arsène, INRAE (FRA)
• Bilodeau-Gauthier Simon, Ministère des Ressources naturelles et des Forêts (CAN)
• Bauhus Jürgen, Universität Freiburg (DEU)
• Grossiord Charlotte, EPFL (CHE)
• Hector Andrew, University of Oxford (GBR)
• Jactel Hervé, INRAE (FRA)
• Jensen Joel, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SWE)
• Messier Christian, Département des Sciences Biologiques (CAN)
• Muys Bart, KUL (BEL)
• Serrano-León Hernán, Universität Freiburg (DEU)
• Auge Harald, iDiv (DEU)
• Barsoum Nadia, Forest Research (GBR)
• Birhane Emiru, Mekelle University (ETH)
• Bruelheide Helge, iDiv (DEU)
• Cavender-Bares Jeannine, University of Minnesota (USA)
• Chu Chengjin, Sun Yat-Sen University (CHN)
• Cumming Jonathan, University of Maryland Eastern Shore (USA)
• et al.

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/609133/)

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