Old foe, New host: Epidemiology, genetic diversity, and pathogenic characterization of maize streak virus in rice fields from Burkina Faso

Magdy Ibrahim Fouad Noun, Barro Mariam, Bangratz Martine, Sérémé Drissa, Filloux Denis, Fernandez Emmanuel, Julian Charlotte, Saïbou Nignan, Kassankogno Abalo Itolou, Guigma Abdoul Kader, Roumagnac Philippe, Wonni Issa, Tollenaere Charlotte, Poulicard Nils. 2024. Old foe, New host: Epidemiology, genetic diversity, and pathogenic characterization of maize streak virus in rice fields from Burkina Faso. Phytobiomes Journal, 13 p

https://doi.org/10.1094/PBIOMES-08-23-0085-FI

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Résumé : Rice is of critical significance regarding food security worldwide, including in Africa. Only two viruses impacting rice production in Africa have been deeply investigated for decades: the rice yellow mottle virus (Solemoviridae) and the rice stripe necrosis virus (Benyviridae). Using viral metagenomics, we aimed at broadening knowledge on interacting communities associated with plants in rice landscapes and exploring the diversity and epidemiological status of viruses circulating in rice fields from Burkina Faso. We performed an epidemiological survey in this country between 2016 and 2019 involving 57 small farmers' rice fields under two production systems: rainfed lowlands and irrigated areas. More than 2,700 rice samples were collected without regard to disease symptoms following a regular scheme. Wild and cultivated Poaceae (maize and sugarcane) growing in nearby rice fields were also collected. Unexpectedly, metagenomics detected maize streak virus (MSV) (Geminiviridae) in analyzed rice samples. Further molecular analyses using rolling circle amplification-polymerase chain reaction showed that MSV was widely distributed and highly prevalent in both rainfed lowlands and irrigated rice areas. MSV-A and MSV-G strains were identified. MSV-G, exclusively identified thus far in wild grasses, was the most prevalent strain, whereas MSV-A, known to cause severe symptoms in maize, was sporadically identified. Using infectious clones in experimental conditions, we confirmed the pathogenicity of both MSV strains in rice. Thus, in addition to contributing to the epidemiological surveillance of rice production in Africa, our results illuminate new epidemiological and pathogenic aspects of one of the most studied plant viruses with significant economic consequences in Africa.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Oryza sativa, virus striure du maïs, épidémiologie, virus des végétaux, riz, variation génétique, identification, Enquête pathologique, Zea mays, Geminiviridae, surveillance épidémiologique

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Burkina Faso

Mots-clés libres : Africa, Epidemiological surveillance, Epidemiological survey, Rice, Viral metagenomics, Virus

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement hors UE : Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Agropolis Fondation, Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers, Ambassade de France au Burkina Faso

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development, (FRA) Dynamique spatio-temporelle des populations virales associées au riz en Afrique de l'Ouest, (FRA) MUSE

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