Prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi infections in buffaloes, beef and dairy cattle in Sakon Nakhon province using molecular and serological assays

Suwan Eukote, Chalermwong Piangjai, Choocherd Suchada, Wichainchot Sakulchit, Thabthimsri Chanapath, Saengsawang Phirabhat, Desquesnes Marc, Wachoom Wanwisa, Wongpanit Kannika, Jittapalapong Sathaporn. 2023. Prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi infections in buffaloes, beef and dairy cattle in Sakon Nakhon province using molecular and serological assays. Agriculture and Natural Resources, 57 (5) : 809-816.

https://doi.org/10.34044/j.anres.2023.57.5.07

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Résumé : Importance of the work: Trypanosoma evansi is a vector-borne pathogen, responsible for T. evansi infection (surra) which has a major impact on animal health in Southeast Asia, including Thailand. Objectives: To update the current situation regarding trypanosome infections of cattle and buffaloes in Sakon Nakhon province, Thailand. Materials & Methods: Blood samples were collected from buffaloes (455) and beef (1,077) and dairy (227) cattle in eight districts of Sakon Nakhon province and tested for trypanosome infections using T. evansi indirect-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and TRYP1 polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Among the 1,759 samples, there were 77 positives (4.38%; 77/1,759) from T. evansi indirect-ELISA and 8 positives (0.45%; 8/1,759) from TRYP1 PCR, of which two samples were positives for both tests. The ITS1 sequencing analysis revealed high T. evansi sequence identities (97.22–100%). Factors associated with T. evansi infections were age, species, farm size and district. The highest prevalence was in buffaloes (9.67%; 44/455), followed by beef cattle (3.25%; 35/1,077) and dairy cattle (1.76%; 4/227). The significant associations with T. evansi infection were an animal age of 1–3 yr (6.82%; 53/777; p = 0.00), a medium herd size (5.99%; 13/217; p = 0.03) and farm located in Phanna Nikhom district (21.33%; 32/150; p = 0.00). Main finding: Cattle and buffaloes in Sakon Nakhon province had a low prevalence (less than 5%) for current infection by T. evansi. However, the prevalence of trypanosome infections might be increasing due to the high densities of blood-sucking flies.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Trypanosoma evansi, bovin, animal sauvage, bovin laitier, sérologie, Enquête pathologique, Test ELISA, bétail, viande bovine, PCR, surra, Trypanosoma, épidémiologie, transmission des maladies