Genetic signatures of contrasted outbreak histories of "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus", the bacterium that causes citrus huanglongbing, in three outermost regions of the European union

Pruvost Olivier, Boyer Karine, Labbe Frédéric, Weishaar Marine, Vynisale Anaïs, Melot Claire, Hoareau Cécile, Cellier Gilles, Ravigné Virginie. 2024. Genetic signatures of contrasted outbreak histories of "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus", the bacterium that causes citrus huanglongbing, in three outermost regions of the European union. Evolutionary Applications, 17 (12) : 1-16.

Url - autres données associées : https://github.com/fredericlabbe/CLas_Phylogenomics / Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/ / Url - jeu de données - Dataverse Cirad : https://dataverse.cirad.fr/dataverse/pvbmt

Résumé : In an era of trade globalization and climate change, crop pathogens and pests are a genuine threat to food security. The detailed characterization of emerging pathogen populations is a prerequisite for managing invasive species pathways and designing sustainable disease control strategies. Huanglongbing is the disease that causes the most damage to citrus, a crop that ranks #1 worldwide in terms of fruit production. Huanglongbing can be caused by three species of the phloem-limited alpha-proteobacterium, “Candidatus Liberibacter,” which are transmitted by psyllids. Two of these bacteria are of highest concern, “Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus” and “Ca. Liberibacter africanus,” and have distinct thermal optima. These pathogens are unculturable, which complicates their high-throughput genetic characterization. In the present study, we used several genotyping techniques and an extensive sample collection to characterize Ca. Liberibacter populations associated with the emergence of huanglongbing in three French outermost regions of the European Union (Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion). The outbreaks were primarily caused by “Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus,” as “Ca. Liberibacter africanus” was only found at a single location in Réunion. We emphasize the low diversity and high genetic relatedness between samples from Guadeloupe and Martinique, which suggests the putative movement of the pathogen between the two islands and/or the independent introduction of closely related strains. These samples were markedly different from the samples from Réunion, where the higher genetic diversity revealed by tandem-repeat markers suggests that the disease was probably overlooked for years before being officially identified in 2015. We show that “Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus” occurs from sea level to an altitude of 950 m above sea level and lacks spatial structure. This suggests the pathogen's medium-to long-distance movement. We also suggest that backyard trees acted as relays for disease spread. We discuss the implications of population biology data for surveillance and management of this threatful disease.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Citrus, distribution géographique, maladie bactérienne, changement climatique, variation génétique, agent pathogène, PCR, épidémiologie, marqueur génétique, identification

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : France, La Réunion, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Antilles françaises

Agences de financement européennes : European Observation Network for Territorial Development and Cohesion

Agences de financement hors UE : Conseil Régional de La Réunion, Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Building epidemiological surveillance and prophylaxis with observations both near and distant

Auteurs et affiliations

• Pruvost Olivier, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU) - auteur correspondant
• Boyer Karine, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
• Labbe Frédéric, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU) ORCID: 0000-0002-4064-2361
• Weishaar Marine
• Vynisale Anaïs
• Melot Claire
• Hoareau Cécile, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
• Cellier Gilles, ANSES-LSV (REU)
• Ravigné Virginie, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PHIM (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-4252-2574

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/611377/)

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