Whole blood transcriptome profiles of trypanotolerant and trypanosusceptible cattle highlight a differential modulation of metabolism and immune response during infection by Trypanosoma congolense

Peylhard Moana, Berthier David, Dayo Guiguigbaza-Kossigan, Chantal Isabelle, Sylla Souleymane, Nidelet Sabine, Dubois Emeric, Martin Guillaume, Sempere Guilhem, Flori Laurence, Thevenon Sophie. 2023. Whole blood transcriptome profiles of trypanotolerant and trypanosusceptible cattle highlight a differential modulation of metabolism and immune response during infection by Trypanosoma congolense. Peer Community Journal, 3:e17, 33 p.

https://doi.org/10.24072/pcjournal.239

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Url - jeu de données - Dataverse Cirad : https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/L9SHAX / Url - jeu de données - Dataverse Cirad : https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/APTZOC / Url - jeu de données - Entrepôt autre : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE197108 / Url - jeu de données - Dataverse Cirad : https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/E3288X

Résumé : Animal African trypanosomosis, caused by blood protozoan parasites transmitted mainly by tsetse flies, represents a major constraint for millions of cattle in sub-Saharan Africa. Exposed cattle include trypanosusceptible indicine breeds, severely affected by the disease, and West African taurine breeds called trypanotolerant owing to their ability to control parasite development, survive and grow in enzootic areas. Until now the genetic basis of trypanotolerance remains unclear. Here, to improve knowledge of the biological processes involved in trypanotolerance versus trypanosusceptibility, we identified bovine genes differentially expressed in five West African cattle breeds during an experimental infection by Trypanosoma congolense and their biological functions. To this end, whole blood genome-wide transcriptome of three trypanotolerant taurine breeds (N'Dama, Lagune and Baoulé), one susceptible zebu (Zebu Fulani) and one African taurine x zebu admixed breed (Borgou) were profiled by RNA sequencing at four time points, one before and three during infection. As expected, infection had a major impact on cattle blood transcriptome regardless of the breed. The functional analysis of differentially expressed genes over time in each breed confirmed an early activation of the innate immune response, followed by an activation of the humoral response and an inhibition of T cell functions at the chronic stage of infection. More importantly, we highlighted overlooked features, such as a strong disturbance in host metabolism and cellular energy production that differentiates trypanotolerant and trypanosusceptible breeds. N'Dama breed showed the earliest regulation of immune response, associated with a strong activation of cellular energy production, also observed in Lagune, and to a lesser extent in Baoulé. Susceptible Zebu Fulani breed differed from other breeds by the strongest modification in lipid metabolism regulation. Overall, this study provides a better understanding of the biological mechanisms at work during infection, especially concerning the interplay between immunity and metabolism that seems differentially regulated depending on the cattle breeds.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Trypanosoma congolense, zébu, bovin, expression des gènes, résistance aux maladies, Trypanosoma, trypanosomose, immunologie, réponse immunitaire, métabolisme, immunité, amélioration génétique, sang

Mots-clés libres : Cattle, Trypanosoma congolense, Trypanotolerance, Trypanosomosis, RNA-seq, Transcriptome, Biological pathway, Immune response, West Africa

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux
L72 - Organismes nuisibles des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement hors UE : Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Alliance française contre les maladies parasitaires, (FRA) Organisation et montée en puissance d'une Infrastructure Nationale de Génomique

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