Dramatic consequences of two decades of intensive management on soil of coffee and black pepper plantations in Central Highlands – Vietnam: How to restore soil health for a sustainable and environmentally-friendly production before it becomes too late?

Van Nguyen Long, Herrmann Laetitia, Abhi Venugopal, Nguyen Duy Quang, Aydin Enez, Phuong Nhat Thi Bui, Bräu Lambert, Lesueur Didier. 2023. Dramatic consequences of two decades of intensive management on soil of coffee and black pepper plantations in Central Highlands – Vietnam: How to restore soil health for a sustainable and environmentally-friendly production before it becomes too late?. . Hasanuddin University. Makassar : Hasanuddin University, Résumé, 2 p. International Conference on Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture in the Tropics (FSSAT 2023). 4, Makassar, Indonésie, 15 Février 2023/15 Février 2023.

Résumé : Coffee and Black pepper are two of the world's top agricultural commodities and the demand has significantly increased in the last two decades. Coffee (Coffea canephora var. Robusta) and black pepper (Piper nigrum) are economically very important to support farmers' livelihoods in Vietnam, especially in the Central Highlands. Due to their high value, cropping area dedicated to both commodities have significantly increased, and monocropping and intensive practices have been applied over the last two decades, enhancing artificially yields. This made Vietnam to become the largest and second largest exporter globally by 56% of pepper and 20% of coffee respectively. Intensive cultivation which has been widely adopted to maintain high yields, involves the overuse of mineral fertilizers, irrigation water and synthetic pesticides resulting in soil acidification, biodiversity loss, decrease of main soil function and gradual rise of Soil Borne Pests and Diseases (SBPDs). These issues induced a significant soil degradation, but also decreased crop yield and product quality with important profit losses for of farmers. Agroecological approaches are defined as integrated ecological processes and ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling, biological nitrogen fixation, natural pest regulation, soil and water conservation, biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration. Soil remediation strategy is a fundamental component of agroecology, as it can restore soil health that is being depleted by conventional intensive practices. Furthermore, due to high demand for “green” coffee and black pepper products coming from healthy soils managed through agroecological approaches, farmers must stop applying high rates of chemical inputs and instead start using organic fertilizers and bio-inoculants containing beneficial microorganisms capable to control the populations of SBPDs and to make more nutrients available for the crops. If these changes do not happen quickly, the whole economy of both coffee and black pepper in Vietnam may be strongly negatively affected. The ASIA-Pacific Common Microbial Biotechnologies Platform network (https://www.cmbp-network.org/) created in 2019 and gathering scientists from universities, research institutes and private companies interact and collaborate to promote agroecology in order to restore and sustain soil health and plant productivity at no cost for the environment. CMBP through its partnerships with The Pepper Research and Development Center (PRDC), Deakin University, the MGIL company and Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) carries out applied research activities on coffee and black pepper plantations in Central Highlands of Vietnam with the overall objective to restore and sustain soil health through agroecological practices for generating more outcomes to the farmers. The present study is about the results we started getting from our research work.

Mots-clés libres : Soil health, Soil acidification, Soilbornes pests and diseases, Coffee, Black pepper, Bio-inoculants

Auteurs et affiliations

• Van Nguyen Long, Deakin University (AUS)
• Herrmann Laetitia, Deakin University (AUS)
• Abhi Venugopal, Deakin University (AUS)
• Nguyen Duy Quang, Deakin University (AUS)
• Aydin Enez, Deakin University (AUS)
• Phuong Nhat Thi Bui, CIAT (VNM)
• Bräu Lambert, Deakin University (AUS)
• Lesueur Didier, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Eco&Sols (VNM) ORCID: 0000-0002-6694-0869

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/603941/)

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