Adding value to cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) germplasm information with domestication history and admixture mapping

Marcano Maria, Pugh Tatiana, Cros Emile, Morales Sonia, Portillo Elvis, Courtois Brigitte, Glaszmann Jean-Christophe, Engels Johannes M.M., Phillips Wilbert, Astorga Carlos, Risterucci Ange-Marie, Fouet Olivier, Gonzalez Ventura, Rosenberg Kai, Vallat Isabelle, Dagert Manuel, Lanaud Claire. 2007. Adding value to cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) germplasm information with domestication history and admixture mapping. Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 114 (5) : 877-884.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-006-0486-9

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Résumé : A sound understanding of crop history can provide the basis for deriving novel genetic information through admixture mapping. We confirmed this, by using characterization data from an international collection of cocoa, collected 25 years ago, and from a contemporary plantation. We focus on the trees derived from three centuries of admixture between Meso-American Criollo and South American Forastero genomes. In both cacao sets of individuals, linkage disequilibrium extended over long genetic distances along chromosome regions, as expected in populations derived from recent admixture. Based on loose genome scans, genomic regions involved in useful traits were identified. Fifteen genomic regions involved in seed and fruit weight variation were highlighted. They correspond to ten previously identified QTLs and five novel ones. Admixture mapping can help to add value to genetic resources and thus, help to encourage investment in their conservation.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Theobroma cacao, domestication, génétique des populations, germoplasme, histoire, aptitude à la combinaison, génome, identification, fruit (botanique), semence, poids, locus des caractères quantitatifs, liaison génétique