Evolutionary history of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia using next generation sequencing of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides "small colony"

Dupuy Virginie, Manso-Silvan Lucia, Barbe Valérie, Thebault Patricia, Dordet-Frisoni Emilie, Citti Christine, Poumarat François, Blanchard Alain, Breton Marc, Sirand-Pugnet Pascal, Thiaucourt François. 2012. Evolutionary history of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia using next generation sequencing of mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides "small colony". PloS One, 7 (10):e46821, 13 p.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046821

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Quartile : Q1, Sujet : MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Liste HCERES des revues (en SHS) : oui

Thème(s) HCERES des revues (en SHS) : Psychologie-éthologie-ergonomie; Staps

Résumé : Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides ''Small Colony'' (MmmSC) is responsible for contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) in bovidae, a notifiable disease to the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE). Although its origin is not documented, the disease was known in Europe in 1773. It reached nearly world-wide distribution in the 19th century through the cattle trade and was eradicated from most continents by stamping-out policies. During the 20th century it persisted in Africa, and it reappeared sporadically in Southern Europe. Yet, classical epidemiology studies failed to explain the re-occurrence of the disease in Europe in the 1990s. The objectives of this study were to obtain a precise phylogeny of this pathogen, reconstruct its evolutionary history, estimate the date of its emergence, and determine the origin of the most recent European outbreaks. A large-scale genomic approach based on next-generation sequencing technologies was applied to construct a robust phylogeny of this extremely monomorphic pathogen by using 20 representative strains of various geographical origins. Sixty two polymorphic genes of the MmmSC core genome were selected, representing 83601 bp in total and resulting in 139 SNPs within the 20 strains. A robust phylogeny was obtained that identified a lineage specific to European strains; African strains were scattered in various branches. Bayesian analysis allowed dating the most recent common ancestor for MmmSC around 1700. The strains circulating in Sub-Saharan Africa today, however, were shown to descend from a strain that existed around 1810. MmmSC emerged recently, about 300 years ago, and was most probably exported from Europe to other continents, including Africa, during the 19th century. Its diversity is now greater in Africa, where CBPP is enzootic, than in Europe, where outbreaks occurred sporadically until 1999 and where CBPP may now be considered eradicated unless MmmSC remains undetected.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Bovidae, Mycoplasma mycoides, péripneumonie contagieuse bovine, phylogénie, génie génétique, épidémiologie, histoire, distribution géographique

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Afrique, Europe, Australie

Classification Agris : L73 - Maladies des animaux

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 4 (2005-2013) - Santé animale et maladies émergentes

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