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Evolution and challenges of varietal improvement strategies

Domaingue Robert, Lewicki Sylvie, This Patrice, Bakry Frédéric, Horry Jean-Pierre, Braconnier Serge, Pot David, Trouche Gilles. 2017. Evolution and challenges of varietal improvement strategies. In : Sustainable development and tropical agri-chains. Biénabe Estelle (ed.), Rival Alain (ed.), Loeillet Denis (ed.). Dordrecht : Springer, 141-152. ISBN 978-94-024-1015-0

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Résumé : Agricultural production and supply chains are facing major challenges in the form of increasing demand for food products, a diversified use of agricultural products including for non-food purposes, ecologically intensive agriculture, and the necessity of taking climate change into account. The creation and adoption of new varieties that are productive, diversified, better adapted, and more environmentally friendly can help cropping systems that seek to address these issues become more efficient. Plant breeding efforts must anticipate the needs of the end users and adapt to very different agri-chains, illustrated in this chapter by two examples: first, an agri-chain that is highly structured around targeted export products, for example, the dessert banana, which requires ideotypes that meet the requirements of production and marketing systems; and second, an emerging agri-chain for multi-use sorghum, characterized by new production objectives of increased energy potential and production of biomaterials, sometimes without compromising with the requirement of high grain yields. To meet the objectives and the sustainability of agri-chains, research into genetic improvement must propose new approaches, new tools, and innovative breeding methods. The objectives, and sometimes the entire breeding process, are shared with all the actors, especially the end users, as part of an enhanced partnership within agri-chains. The breeding strategy also depends on ease of access, better use of available and useful genetic resources, in-depth knowledge of the structure and diversity of these resources, genetic determinism of desirable traits, and pre-breeding approaches. All these scientific and partnership innovations ensure the necessary responsiveness to support the execution of current breeding processes and the identification of new varieties that meet current and future uses and services.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : amélioration des plantes, méthode d'amélioration génétique, variété, développement durable, agriculture durable, exportation, agro-industrie, produit alimentaire, production énergétique, durabilité, étude de cas, banane, Musa (bananes), sorgho en grain, Sorghum bicolor

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Guadeloupe, Martinique, Antilles françaises, France

Mots-clés complémentaires : Filière

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
E14 - Économie et politique du développement
E71 - Commerce international
P06 - Sources d'énergie renouvelable

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2014-2018) - Agriculture écologiquement intensive

Auteurs et affiliations

  • Domaingue Robert, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
  • Lewicki Sylvie, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0009-0004-2013-3457
  • This Patrice, INRA (FRA)
  • Bakry Frédéric, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
  • Horry Jean-Pierre, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
  • Braconnier Serge, CIRAD-DRS (FRA)
  • Pot David, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-6144-8448
  • Trouche Gilles, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)

Autres liens de la publication

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/584557/)

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