Diverse and variable virus communities in wild plant populations revealed by metagenomic tools

Susi Hanna, Filloux Denis, Frilander Mikko J., Roumagnac Philippe, Laine Anna-Liisa. 2019. Diverse and variable virus communities in wild plant populations revealed by metagenomic tools. PeerJ, 7:e6140, 24 p.

https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6140

Article de revue ; Article de recherche ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact Revue en libre accès total

Prévisualisation

Version publiée - Anglais
Sous licence

.
Susi et al_viral metagenomics Aland Plantago_2019.pdf
Télécharger (2MB) | Prévisualisation

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Résumé : Wild plant populations may harbour a myriad of unknown viruses. As the majority of research efforts have targeted economically important plant species, the diversity and prevalence of viruses in the wild has remained largely unknown. However, the recent shift towards metagenomics-based sequencing methodologies, especially those targeting small RNAs, is finally enabling virus discovery from wild hosts. Understanding this diversity of potentially pathogenic microbes in the wild can offer insights into the components of natural biodiversity that promotes long-term coexistence between hosts and parasites in nature, and help predict when and where risks of disease emergence are highest. Here, we used small RNA deep sequencing to identify viruses in Plantago lanceolata populations, and to understand the variation in their prevalence and distribution across the Åland Islands, South-West Finland. By subsequent design of PCR primers, we screened the five most common viruses from two sets of P. lanceolata plants: 164 plants collected from 12 populations irrespective of symptoms, and 90 plants collected from five populations showing conspicuous viral symptoms. In addition to the previously reported species Plantago lanceolata latent virus (PlLV), we found four potentially novel virus species belonging to Caulimovirus, Betapartitivirus, Enamovirus, and Closterovirus genera. Our results show that virus prevalence and diversity varied among the sampled host populations. In six of the virus infected populations only a single virus species was detected, while five of the populations supported between two to five of the studied virus species. In 20% of the infected plants, viruses occurred as coinfections. When the relationship between conspicuous viral symptoms and virus infection was investigated, we found that plants showing symptoms were usually infected (84%), but virus infections were also detected from asymptomatic plants (44%). Jointly, these results reveal a diverse virus community with newly developed tools and protocols that offer exciting opportunities for future studies on the eco-evolutionary dynamics of viruses infecting plants in the wild.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : virus des végétaux, biodiversité, Plantago lanceolata, virologie, Caulimovirus, Enamovirus, Clostérovirus

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Finlande

Mots-clés complémentaires : Métagénomique, Séquencage, Plantago lanceolata latent virus, Betapartitivirus

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes
F40 - Écologie végétale

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Auteurs et affiliations