Badnaviruses and banana genomes: A long association sheds light on Musa phylogeny and origin

Chabannes Matthieu, Gabriel Marc, Aksa Abderrahmane, Galzi Serge, Dufayard Jean François, Iskra Caruana Marie-Line, Muller Emmanuelle. 2021. Badnaviruses and banana genomes: A long association sheds light on Musa phylogeny and origin. Molecular Plant Pathology, 22 (2) : 216-230.

https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.13019

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Résumé : Badnaviruses are double‐stranded DNA pararetroviruses of the family Caulimoviridae. Badnaviral sequences found in banana are distributed over three main clades of the genus Badnavirus and exhibit wide genetic diversity. Interestingly, the nuclear genome of many plants, including banana, is invaded by numerous badnaviral sequences although badnaviruses do not require an integration step to replicate, unlike animal retroviruses. Here, we confirm that banana streak viruses (BSVs) are restricted to clades 1 and 3. We also show that only BSVs from clade 3 encompassing East African viral species are not integrated into Musa genomes, unlike BSVs from clade 1. Finally, we demonstrate that sequences from clade 2 are definitively integrated into Musa genomes with no evidence of episomal counterparts; all are phylogenetically distant from BSVs known to date. Using different molecular approaches, we dissected the coevolution between badnaviral sequences of clade 2 and banana by comparing badnavirus integration patterns across a banana sampling representing major Musa speciation events. Our data suggest that primary viral integrations occurred millions of years ago in banana genomes under different possible scenarios. Endogenous badnaviral sequences can be used as powerful markers to better characterize the Musa phylogeny, narrowing down the likely geographical origin of the Musa ancestor.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Musa, Musa (bananes), génome, phylogénie, virus des végétaux

Mots-clés complémentaires : Badnavirus, Banana streak virus

Mots-clés libres : Badnavirus, Banana streak virus, Endogenous pararetrovirus, Host and virus coevolution, Musa phylogeny

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

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