Potential beverage quality of three wild coffee species (Coffea brevipes, C. congensis and C. stenophylla) and consideration of their agronomic use

Bertrand Benoît, Davis Aaron P., Maraval Isabelle, Forestier Nelly, Mieulet Delphine. 2023. Potential beverage quality of three wild coffee species (Coffea brevipes, C. congensis and C. stenophylla) and consideration of their agronomic use. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 103 (7) : 3602-3612.

Résumé : BACKGROUND: Of the 130 known coffee (Coffea) species, very few have been properly evaluated for their beverage quality. The diversity of wild coffee species is considered critical to the long-term sustainability of the coffee sector, particularly under climate change. The challenge is finding coffee crops that satisfy agronomic criteria, now and under the altered climatic conditions of the future, as well as consumer requirements for flavour. We evaluated the sensory characteristics of three wild coffee species with four independent sensory panels, and the key environmental/agronomic requirements of these wild species based on a literature review. RESULTS: Coffea congensis and C. stenophylla have a lower unroasted seed weight compared to C. arabica and C. canephora, while C. brevipes has the largest. Sensory analysis showed that the main differences between species was for the fruitiness attribute. Coffea stenophylla was the fruitiest wild species, and was considered an Arabica-like coffee. The flavour profile range of C. stenophylla covers herb-like, vegetal, floral and fruit; C. brevipes resembles C. stenophylla in some respects. Opinions concerning C. congensis were contradictory and several judges considered the industry-standard coffee flavour wheel not suitable for the beverage produced from this species. CONCLUSION: The three wild species have the required sensory qualities for commercialization. According to published data, C. stenophylla has agronomic potential, especially in warmer climates than Arabica areas. Coffea brevipes and C. congensis have the potential to be easily crossed with C. canephora to form interspecific hybrids capable of adapting to different climatic and agronomic conditions.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : qualité des aliments, caractère agronomique, Coffea congensis, Coffea stenophylla

Mots-clés complémentaires : Coffea brevipes

Mots-clés libres : Coffee, Wild species, Sensory test, Global warming, Specialty market

Classification Agris : Q04 - Composition des produits alimentaires
Q01 - Sciences et technologies alimentaires - Considérations générales
F01 - Culture des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 3 (2019-) - Systèmes alimentaires

Auteurs et affiliations

• Bertrand Benoît, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR DIADE (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-1969-3479
• Davis Aaron P., Royal Botanic Gardens (GBR)
• Maraval Isabelle, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Qualisud (FRA)
• Forestier Nelly, Université de Montpellier (FRA)
• Mieulet Delphine, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR DIADE (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-6220-0372 - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/603445/)

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