Kinship networks of seed exchange shape spatial patterns of plant virus diversity

Delêtre Marc, Lett Jean-Michel, Sulpice Ronan, Spillane Charles. 2021. Kinship networks of seed exchange shape spatial patterns of plant virus diversity. Nature Communications, 12 (1), 10 p.

Quartile : Outlier, Sujet : MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Résumé : By structuring farmers' informal networks of seed exchange, kinship systems play a key role in the dynamics of crop genetic diversity in smallholder farming systems. However, because many crop diseases are propagated through infected germplasm, local seed systems can also facilitate the dissemination of seedborne pathogens. Here, we investigate how the interplay of kinship systems and local networks of germplasm exchange influences the metapopulation dynamics of viruses responsible for the cassava mosaic disease (CMD), a major threat to food security in Africa. Combining anthropological, genetic and plant epidemiological data, we analyzed the genetic structure of local populations of the African cassava mosaic virus (ACMV), one of the main causal agents of CMD. Results reveal contrasted patterns of viral diversity in patrilineal and matrilineal communities, consistent with local modes of seed exchange. Our results demonstrate that plant virus ecosystems have also a cultural component and that social factors that shape regional seed exchange networks influence the genetic structure of plant virus populations.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : virus mosaïque manioc, variation génétique, génétique des populations, virus des végétaux, Geminiviridae, épidémiologie, begomovirus, distribution géographique, dynamique des populations, transmission des maladies, phylogénie, Manihot esculenta, variété indigène

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Gabon, Cameroun

Agences de financement européennes : European Commission, European Regional Development Fund

Agences de financement hors UE : Conseil Régional de La Réunion, Science Foundation Ireland, FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions

Programme de financement européen : FP7

Projets sur financement : (EU) Social determinants and ecological impacts of seed transmission systems in African root and tuber crops, and their implications for resilience of smallholder farming systems

Auteurs et affiliations

• Delêtre Marc, NUI Galway (IRL) - auteur correspondant
• Lett Jean-Michel, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR PVBMT (REU)
• Sulpice Ronan, National University Ireland Galway (IRL)
• Spillane Charles, NUI Galway (IRL)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/605895/)

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