Abrell Thomas, Naudin Krishna, Bianchi Felix J.J.A., Veiga Aragao Debora, Tittonell Pablo, Corbeels Marc. 2024. Shifting cultivation in decline: An analysis of soil fertility and weed pressure in intensified cropping systems in Eastern Amazon. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 360:108793, 10 p.
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Résumé : Reconciling forest preservation and agricultural production is a major challenge. In Brazil, environmental laws have been introduced to reduce forest degradation associated with the expansion of agriculture. However, these laws are constraining small-scale family farmers who rely on cassava produced in shifting cultivation. Faced by scarcity of land, farmers are reducing the fallow periods on their farms. In this study, our hypothesis was that the reduction of the fallow period in shifting cultivation systems leads to a depletion of soil fertility and an increase in weed pressure. In the Brazilian Eastern Amazon region, soil fertility and weed infestation indicators were assessed in 36 cassava fields under shifting cultivation with different land-use histories. The frequency of cultivation of the fields in the past 10 years ranged from 1 to 7 and averaged 3.7 ± 2.3. The results show that the most frequently cultivated fields had lower soil fertility, indicated by lower soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and exchangeable potassium and pH. In addition, labor input for weeding and weeding frequency increased with the frequency of cultivation of the fields, indicating that weed pressure increased with intensified crop cultivation and shorter fallow periods. The findings of this study make clear that the current trend of reducing the fallow period in the Eastern Amazon is a threat to the sustainability and productivity of the local shifting cultivation systems. There is an urgent need for alternative production systems that allow for a better weed control and that contribute to restoring and maintaining soil fertility.
Mots-clés Agrovoc : culture itinérante, mauvaise herbe, système de culture, conservation des sols, agriculture intensive, fertilité du sol, conservation des terres, manioc
Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Brésil, Para
Mots-clés libres : Swidden agriculture, Brazil, Sustainable production, Weed control, Soil conservation, Cassava
Classification Agris : F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture
P35 - Fertilité du sol
F07 - Façons culturales
K70 - Dégâts causés aux forêts et leur protection
H60 - Mauvaises herbes et désherbage
Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques
Agences de financement hors UE : Agropolis Fondation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche
Projets sur financement : (FRA) System approach for the TRAnsition to bio-DIVersified agroecosystems, from process analysis to multi-scale co-conception with actors, (FRA) Forest restoration by family farmers in the Eastern Amazon, (FRA) Agricultural Sciences for sustainable Development, (FRA) ECOefficiences et développement TERritorial en Amazonie Brésilienne
Auteurs et affiliations
- Abrell Thomas, Wageningen University and Research Centre (NLD)
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Naudin Krishna, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR AIDA (FRA)
ORCID: 0000-0002-9108-2456
- Bianchi Felix J.J.A., Wageningen University and Research Centre (NLD)
- Veiga Aragao Debora, EMBRAPA (BRA)
- Tittonell Pablo, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR AIDA (FRA)
- Corbeels Marc, CIRAD-PERSYST-UPR AIDA (KEN) - auteur correspondant
Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/606410/)
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