Manure contribution to rural livelihoods at farm and landscape levels: a systemic approach in semi-arid Central Tunisia

Alary Véronique, Frija Aymen, Abdeladhim Mohamed, Sghaier Mariem, Leauthaud Crystèle, Farhat Manel, Sghaier Mariem. 2024. Manure contribution to rural livelihoods at farm and landscape levels: a systemic approach in semi-arid Central Tunisia. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, 29 p.

Résumé : Manure valorization through on-farm use or market transactions is an ancient and widespread practice in the mixed crop-livestock systems of the semi-arid areas of North Africa. While research has long focused on the manure contribution to soil fertility at the plot level, little has been done concerning livelihood conditions. The present paper aims to assess the contribution of manure use and exchange on the livelihoods of rural communities using an original dataset collected in 2021 among 150 farmers in Central Tunisia. This analysis is carried out within the analytical agroecology framework combined with factor analysis methods. Results showed that manure use and valor ization differ along the watershed, from a socioeconomic perspective in small farms operating under rainfed tree-pastoral systems, to an environmental and agronomic perspective in the mixed rainfed-irrigated systems downstream. Manure flow analysis confirmed that on-farm manure balance is positively correlated to economic wealth. However, the manure fluxes questioned the environmental sustainability of the vulnerable zones. Its use and management could significantly impact liveli- hood discrepancies in the future, with the increasing of demand and use of manure in more favorable zones such as irrigated lands at the detriment of the rainfed zones.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : agroécologie, polyculture élevage, zone semi-aride, diversification, enquête sur les exploitations agricoles, agroécosystème, système d'exploitation agricole, environnement socioéconomique, système agropastoral, moyens d'existence, moyens d'existence durables

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Tunisie

Mots-clés libres : Manure, Livelihood, Landscape, Agroecology, Farming system

Classification Agris : E90 - Structure agraire
Q70 - Traitement des déchets agricoles
F08 - Systèmes et modes de culture

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 2 (2019-) - Transitions agroécologiques

Agences de financement hors UE : Consortium of International Agricultural Research Centers, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Documenting and Evaluating the Socio-Economic Viability of Agroecological Practices across Africa

Auteurs et affiliations

• Alary Véronique, CIRAD-ES-UMR SELMET (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-4844-5423 - auteur correspondant
• Frija Aymen, ICARDA (TUN)
• Abdeladhim Mohamed, ESAM [Ecole supérieure d'agriculture de Mograne] (TUN)
• Sghaier Mariem, Universiteit Gent (BEL)
• Leauthaud Crystèle, CIRAD-ES-UMR G-EAU (FRA)
• Farhat Manel, ICARDA (TUN)
• Sghaier Mariem, Universiteit Gent (BEL)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/610884/)

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