CacaoFIT: The network of cacao field trials in Latin America and its contribution to sustainable cacao farming in the region

Orozco Aguilar Luis, López-Sampson Arlene, Cerda Rolando, Casanoves Fernando, Ramirez-Argueta Oscar, Diaz Matute Javier, Suárez Salazar Juan Carlos, Rüegg Johanna, Saj Stéphane, Milz Joaquin, Schneidewind Ulf, Mora Garcés Argenis Antonio, Baez Daza Eliana, Rojas Molina Jairo, Suarez Yeirme Jaimes, Agudelo-Castañeda Genaro A., Deheuvels Olivier, Brito Sosa Enelvi, Hinojosa Gómes Jaime, Jaimez Ramon E., Reyes Espinoza Sophya, Bordeaux Mélanie, Caicedo Vargas Carlos, Tinoco Leider, Pena Monserrate Geover Rolando, Perez Flores Julian, Azpeitia Morales Alfonso, Arevalo-Hernandez Cesar O., Arevalo Gardin Enrique, Pocasangre Luis E., Araque Osmary, Koutouleas Athina, Segura Magaña Eufemia, Dominguez Omar, Arenas Paula, Sotopinto Lorena, Salgado-Mora Marisela, Gama-Rodrigues Antonio, Gama-Rodrigues Emanuela, Holder Annelle, Ramtahal Gideon, Umaharan Pathmanathan, Muller Manfred Willy, Texeira Mendes Fernando, Somarriba Eduardo. 2024. CacaoFIT: The network of cacao field trials in Latin America and its contribution to sustainable cacao farming in the region. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 8:1370275, 25 p.

Résumé : A network of agronomists, researchers, and practitioners associated with cacao farming provided open access to their independent field trials across Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). A centralized dataset was assembled using qualitative and quantitative data from 25 experimental field trials (hereafter referred to as “CacaoFIT”) spanning several LAC agroecosystems. This dataset was used to document the main traits and agroclimatic attributes of the cacao cultivation model being tested within the CacaoFIT network. By synthesizing data from an entire network of cacao trials, this study aimed to highlight specific design features and management practices that may contribute to better cacao farming sustainability. The CacaoFIT network comprises 200 ha of field trials testing over 150 cacao genotypes and set up under different shade canopy design, management, and research goals. Small-sized trials were common across Mesoamerica, whereas medium to large-size trials were distinct to South America. Cacao trials were 15 years old (on average) and ranged from 3 to 25 years of establishment. Most cacao trials were managed conventionally (i.e., 55%), while 20% were under organic practices, and the remaining 25% presented both conventional and organic management approaches. Most field trials (ca. 60%) planted an average of 10 international clones or national cultivars at high (1,230–1,500 plants ha−1) and medium density (833–1,111 plants ha−1). Mixed shade canopies were the dominant agroforestry model, while timber vs. leguminous shade canopies were also common. The diversity and depth of research domains examined across the CacaoFIT network varied widely. Agronomy and agroforestry topics dominated the research agenda across all trials, followed by environmental services domains. Cacao physiology and financial performance were researched to a lesser extent within the network. Five featured field trials from CacaoFIT offered technical guidelines to inform cacao farming within similar contexts. This collaborative work is a scaffold to encourage public–private partnerships, capacity building, and data sharing amongst cacao researchers across the tropics.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Theobroma cacao, agroforesterie, agroécosystème, physiologie végétale, ombrage, aménagement forestier, réseau de recherche, Hevea brasiliensis, Tectona grandis, expérimentation au champ

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Amazonie, Brésil, Amérique latine, Colombie, Caraïbes

Mots-clés libres : Cocoa, Latin America, Trials, Network, Agroforestry, Caribbean

Agences de financement hors UE : Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza, Foundation for Food and Agriculture Research

Projets sur financement : (CRI) Korea-Latin America Food & Agriculture Cooperation Initiative

Auteurs et affiliations

• Orozco Aguilar Luis, CATIE (CRI) - auteur correspondant
• López-Sampson Arlene, CATIE (CRI) - auteur correspondant
• Cerda Rolando, CATIE (CRI)
• Casanoves Fernando, CATIE (CRI)
• Ramirez-Argueta Oscar, FHIA (HND)
• Diaz Matute Javier, FHIA (HND)
• Suárez Salazar Juan Carlos, University of Amazonia (COL)
• Rüegg Johanna, FIBL (CHE)
• Saj Stéphane, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR ABSys (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-5856-5459
• Milz Joaquin, ECOTOP Foundation (BOL)
• Schneidewind Ulf, ECOTOP Foundation (BOL)
• Mora Garcés Argenis Antonio, AGROSAVIA (COL)
• Baez Daza Eliana, AGROSAVIA (COL)
• Rojas Molina Jairo, AGROSAVIA (COL)
• Suarez Yeirme Jaimes, AGROSAVIA (COL)
• Agudelo-Castañeda Genaro A., AGROSAVIA (COL)
• Deheuvels Olivier, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR ABSys (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-2819-8445
• Brito Sosa Enelvi, Ministerio de Agricultura (Dominican Republic) (DOM)
• Hinojosa Gómes Jaime, Ministerio de Agricultura (Dominican Republic) (DOM)
• Jaimez Ramon E., Universidad Técnica de Manabi (ECU)
• Reyes Espinoza Sophya, Fundación NicaFrance (NIC)
• Bordeaux Mélanie, Fundación NicaFrance (NIC)
• Caicedo Vargas Carlos, INIAP (ECU)
• Tinoco Leider, INIAP (ECU)
• Pena Monserrate Geover Rolando, INIAP (ECU)
• Perez Flores Julian, Colegio de Posgraduados (MEX)
• Azpeitia Morales Alfonso, INIFAP (MEX)
• Arevalo-Hernandez Cesar O., UNAAA (PER)
• Arevalo Gardin Enrique, UNAAA (PER)
• Pocasangre Luis E., EARTH Univeristy (CRI)
• Araque Osmary, ULA (VEN)
• Koutouleas Athina, UCPH (DNK)
• Segura Magaña Eufemia, CENTA CAFE (SLV)
• Dominguez Omar, FEDECACAO (COL)
• Arenas Paula, FEDECACAO (COL)
• Sotopinto Lorena, ECOSUR (MEX)
• Salgado-Mora Marisela, Universidad Autonoma de Chiapas (MEX)
• Gama-Rodrigues Antonio, UENF (BRA)
• Gama-Rodrigues Emanuela, UENF (BRA)
• Holder Annelle, University of West Indies (TTO)
• Ramtahal Gideon, University of West Indies (TTO)
• Umaharan Pathmanathan, University of West Indies (TTO)
• Muller Manfred Willy, CEPLAC (BRA)
• Texeira Mendes Fernando, CEPLAC (BRA)
• Somarriba Eduardo, CATIE (CRI)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/612103/)

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