Integrating ethnolinguistic and archaeobotanical data to uncover the origin and dispersal of cultivated sorghum in Africa: A genomic perspective

Gilabert Aude, Deu Monique, Champion Louis, Cubry Philippe, Donkpegan Armel, Rami Jean-François, Pot David, Vigouroux Yves, Leclerc Christian. 2025. Integrating ethnolinguistic and archaeobotanical data to uncover the origin and dispersal of cultivated sorghum in Africa: A genomic perspective. Peer Community Journal, 5:e96, 22 p.

Url - jeu de données - Dataverse Cirad : https://doi.org/10.18167/DVN1/SAAMUT / Url - autres données associées : https://gitlab.cirad.fr/agap/sorgho/africrop_sorghum

Résumé : Archaeobotanical evidence suggests that the beginning of cultivation and emergence of domesticated sorghum was located in eastern Sudan during the fourth millennium BCE. Here, we used a genomic approach, together with archaeobotanical and ethnolinguistic data, to refine the spatial and temporal origin and the spread of cultivated sorghum in Africa. We built a probability map of the origin of sorghum domestication in Eastern Africa using genomic data and spatial Bayesian models. The origin was located in Eastern Sudan and Western Ethiopia, in perfect concordance with recent archaeobotanical evidence. Calibrated on archaeological remains, our genomic-based model suggests that the beginning of the expansion of sorghum agriculture took place around 4,600 years ago. Spread of sorghum cultivation led to a sorghum population structure fitting ethnolinguistic groups at different scales, suggesting that human social groups and sorghum populations co-diffused. Consequently, ethnolinguistic barriers and social preferences, as well as adaptation to specific climate zones, have contributed to structuring domesticated sorghum diversity during its diffusion.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Sorghum bicolor, variation génétique, distribution géographique, provenance, dynamique des populations, génétique des populations, génome, pratique culturale, Sorghum

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Afrique, Éthiopie, Soudan

Mots-clés libres : Domestication, Sorghum origin and diffusion, Population genomics, Archaeobotany, Ethnolinguistics

Agences de financement hors UE : Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Etude de l'histoire évolutive des plantes domestiquées africaines

Auteurs et affiliations

• Gilabert Aude, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-0764-9171 - auteur correspondant
• Deu Monique, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)
• Champion Louis, IRD (FRA)
• Cubry Philippe, IRD (FRA)
• Donkpegan Armel, SYSAAF (FRA)
• Rami Jean-François, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0002-5679-3877
• Pot David, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0001-6144-8448
• Vigouroux Yves, IRD (FRA)
• Leclerc Christian, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/614691/)

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