Gancel Anne Laure, Brillouet Jean-Marc.
2002. Inheritance of aroma biosynthesis pathways in citrus tetraploid somatic hybrids.
In : Citrus and other subtropical and tropical fruit crops. Issues, advances and opportunities : a proceedings of the XXVI International Horticultural Congress, Toronto, Canada, 11-17 August, 2002. Galan Sauco Victor (ed.), Albrigo L.G. (ed.), Souza-Machado V. (ed.). CSHS, ISHS
Résumé : Citrus somatic hybridization by protoplast fusion generates allotetraploids having chromosomes from both parents and mitochondrial and chloroplastic DNAs from either of their parents. Seedless triploids can subsequently be obtained by hybridization of tetraploid hybrids with diploids; however, these new hybrids must have good aromatic quality for the fresh fruit market. Therefore, a knowledge of inheritance mechanisms of aroma biosynthesis pathways in somatic hybrids is desirable. Aroma compounds were analyzed in leaves and peel of lime (cv. Mexican lime), grapefruit (cv. Ruby red) and their somatic hybrids grown at the Station de Recherches Agronomiques INRA-CIRAD (San Giuliano, Corsica, France). Lime-originating monoterpene aldehydes (neral, geranial) and grapefruit beta-sinensal were quantitatively recovered in the hybrid leaves while citronellal was massively overproduced in the hybrid leaves and peel with regards to its parents. Nootkatone, a grapefruit-specific sesquiterpene ketone, was fully recovered in the hybrid peel, while alpha-sinensal absent in peels from both parents was found in the hybrid. Other somatic hybrids sharing mandarin (cv. willow leaf) as their common parent, [lemon (cv. Eurékâ)+mandarin], [lime (cv. Mexican lime) + mandarin], and [kumquat (cv. Marumi) + mandarin], exihibit common features in their leaf aroma distributions: a loss of the non-mandarin parent ability to synthezise aldehydes (neral, geranial) as the aldehyde-free mandarin parent, a strong decrease in sesquiterpenes, and a halved production of methyl *methyl anthranilate with regards to the mandarin parent. Amongst key enzymes in aroma biosynthesis path-ways, activities of monoterpene synthases and acid phosphatases were measured in leaves with allylic pyrophosphates as substrates and monoterpene alcohol: NADP+oxydoreductases with monoterpene alcohols. Preliminary results indicate that activities were not enhanced, but lowered in hybrids with regards to their respective parents. (Texte intégral)
Mots-clés Agrovoc : Citrus, biosynthèse, composé de la flaveur, hybride somatique, tétraploïdie, hybridation somatique, fusion de protoplastes, adn, variété apyrène, Citrus aurantiifolia, Citrus paradisi, composition chimique, enzyme
Classification Agris : Q02 - Traitement et conservation des produits alimentaires
Auteurs et affiliations
- Gancel Anne Laure, CIRAD-FLHOR-ARF (FRA)
- Brillouet Jean-Marc, CIRAD-FLHOR-ARF (FRA)
Autres liens de la publication
Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/523827/)
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