Evolutionary and epidemiological insights from historical and modern genomes of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak of rice

Hutin Mathilde, Carpenter Sara, Baruah Shivrajani, Campos Paola, Boyer Karine, Andriantsimialona Dodelys, Rapanarivo Solo Hery, Pruvost Olivier, Becker Nathalie, Gagnevin Lionel, Koebnik Ralf, Szurek Boris, Koita Ousmane, Bogdanove Adam J., Rieux Adrien. 2024. Evolutionary and epidemiological insights from historical and modern genomes of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, the causal agent of bacterial leaf streak of rice. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 37 (12) : 814-818.

https://doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-05-24-0062-sc

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Résumé : Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) causes bacterial leaf streak (BLS) of rice. This disease represents a major constraint for rice production, which is a crop feeding more than half of the world's population. Xoc was first described in 1918 in the Philippines and is prevalent in southeast Asia. Today, BLS is also omnipresent in both East- and West-Africa, where the disease was first reported in the early 1980s. The appearance of Xoc in Africa decades after its first report in Asia suggests that the disease could have been introduced from Asia to Africa. Strict conservation of five transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors in whole-genome sequences of 10 strains of Xoc including three from West-Africa and seven from Asia also support this hypothesis. East-Africa, especially Madagascar, where the disease was first described in 1985 is located at the interface between Asia and Africa, hence representing an interesting region to explore the link between strains from Asia and West-Africa. In this study, we did the following: (i) reconstructed the genome of a historical Xoc strain from a herbarium specimen of rice showing symptoms of BLS that was sampled in Madagascar in 1931, 50 years before the first description of the disease, and (ii) sequenced nine new modern strains, including five from Madagascar and East-Africa. The analysis of those new genomes along with previously published ones shed light within the evolutionary and epidemiological history of Xoc.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : épidémiologie, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, génome, Oryza sativa, phylogénie, Xanthomonas, surveillance épidémiologique, génomique, Oryza, Xanthomonas oryzae, maladie des plantes, pathologie végétale

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Madagascar

Mots-clés libres : Ancient genomics, Avirulence factors, Bacterial dissemination routes, Bacterial leaf streak, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc)

Classification Agris : H20 - Maladies des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 4 (2019-) - Santé des plantes, des animaux et des écosystèmes

Agences de financement européennes : European Regional Development Fund

Agences de financement hors UE : Agropolis Fondation, Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Genoscope, (FRA) "Une nuit au musée": mieux reconstuire les emergences de bactéries pathogènes des cultures grâce à des échantillons historiques

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