Agritrop
Accueil

Farmers' selection of quality traits in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) landraces from Vanuatu

Lebot Vincent, Malapa Roger, Sardos Julie. 2015. Farmers' selection of quality traits in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) landraces from Vanuatu. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 62 (7) : 1055-1068.

Article de revue ; Article de revue à facteur d'impact
[img] Version Online first - Anglais
Accès réservé aux personnels Cirad
Utilisation soumise à autorisation de l'auteur ou du Cirad.
576423.pdf

Télécharger (761kB) | Demander une copie
[img] Version publiée - Anglais
Accès réservé aux personnels Cirad
Utilisation soumise à autorisation de l'auteur ou du Cirad.
art%3A10.1007%2Fs10722-014-0209-z.pdf

Télécharger (948kB) | Demander une copie

Quartile : Q2, Sujet : AGRONOMY / Quartile : Q3, Sujet : PLANT SCIENCES

Résumé : Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) was introduced into Vanuatu shortly after 1850. Farmers have since selected and clonally propagated volunteer seedlings and new morphological variants found in cultivated plots. As cassava is free of serious pests and diseases in Vanuatu, it is unknown what are the farmers' sought traits leading to diversification. The aim of the present study is to investigate the diversification process and to identify the cultural factors that contribute to shape cassava diversity in Vanuatu. We characterized morphologically, using twelve descriptors, and chemically (dry matter, starch, sugars, proteins, cellulose, minerals), the national germplasm collection composed of 145 landraces collected from eleven different islands. Farmers' traditional knowledge on landraces was documented in ten villages, each located on a different island. A wide morphological variation was found among the accessions with few duplicates, the number of distinct morphotypes is 141. However, the sampling strategy most likely underestimated the total number of existing landraces. Cluster analysis revealed no geographical structuring among morphological groups, confirming the wide movement of germplasm between islands across the archipelago. Dry matter (DM) and starch are the least variable compounds with CV % of respectively 12.3 and 3.4 %; these two traits being highly correlated. Sugars (CV 42 %), cellulose (30.3 %), proteins (34.4 %) and total minerals (17.4 %) are more variable. The human selection pressure is focusing on good quality landraces based on high DM and starch contents, with different farmers in different islands focusing independently on the same traits. Implications for germplasm conservation and use strategies are discussed.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Manihot esculenta, manioc, agriculteur, variation génétique, variété indigène, génétique des populations, teneur en glucides, amidon, teneur en protéines, propriété physicochimique, composition chimique, germoplasme, collection de matériel génétique, amélioration des plantes

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Vanuatu

Classification Agris : F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie
F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2014-2018) - Agriculture écologiquement intensive

Auteurs et affiliations

  • Lebot Vincent, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR AGAP (VUT)
  • Malapa Roger, VARTC (VUT)
  • Sardos Julie, Bioversity International (FRA)

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/576423/)

Voir la notice (accès réservé à Agritrop) Voir la notice (accès réservé à Agritrop)

[ Page générée et mise en cache le 2024-01-28 ]