Fat content and fatty acid profiles of shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa subspecies nilotica) ethno-varieties in Uganda

Gwali Samson, Nakabonge Grace, Lamoris Okullo John Bosco, Eilu Gerald, Forestier-Chiron Nelly, Piombo Georges, Davrieux Fabrice. 2012. Fat content and fatty acid profiles of shea tree (Vitellaria paradoxa subspecies nilotica) ethno-varieties in Uganda. Forests, Trees and Livelihoods, 21 (4) : 267-278.

Résumé : Fat content and fatty acid composition are important nutritional properties of shea fruits. Farmers inUganda report the presence of local shea tree ethno-varieties, but it is necessary to investigate their relative fat content and fatty acid composition to evaluate the economic importance of these ethno-varieties. Near infrared spectrophotometry (NIRS) was used to determine the fat content as well as the fatty acid composition of 44 ethno-varieties.Wet chemistry (soxtec petroleum - ether fat extraction and gas chromatography)methodswere used to validate the results fromNIRS. Fat content ranged from43.9%to 58.4%while fatty acid composition was dominated by oleic (47-62%) and stearic acid (25-38%). Other fatty acids present were palmitic, vaccenic, linoleic, linolenic and arachidic acids. There was no significant difference in stearic, palmitic and oleic acid composition between ethno-varieties. However, significant variation of fat content, vaccenic and linoleic acids was observed between some ethno-varieties, perhaps due to locality, climatic and tree-totree differences. These findings can be utilized for the selection of ethno-varieties that are suitable for commercial production of shea oil in Uganda.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Vitellaria paradoxa, acide gras, teneur en lipides, variété indigène, fruit (botanique), spectroscopie infrarouge

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Ouganda

Classification Agris : Q04 - Composition des produits alimentaires
F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 3 (2005-2013) - Alimentation accessible et de qualité

Auteurs et affiliations

• Gwali Samson, Makerere University (UGA)
• Nakabonge Grace, Makerere University (UGA)
• Lamoris Okullo John Bosco, Makerere University (UGA)
• Eilu Gerald, Makerere University (UGA)
• Forestier-Chiron Nelly, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Qualisud (FRA)
• Piombo Georges, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR IATE (FRA)
• Davrieux Fabrice, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Qualisud (FRA)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/567451/)

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