Comparative transcriptome analysis of three oil palm fruit and seed tissues that differ in oil content and fatty acid composition

Dussert Stéphane, Guérin Chloé, Andersson Mariette, Joët Thierry, Tranbarger Timothy John, Pizot Maxime, Gautier Sarah, Omoré Alphonse, Durand-Gasselin Tristan, Morcillo Fabienne. 2013. Comparative transcriptome analysis of three oil palm fruit and seed tissues that differ in oil content and fatty acid composition. Plant Physiology, 162 (3) : 1337-1358.

Quartile : Outlier, Sujet : PLANT SCIENCES

Résumé : Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) produces two oils of major economic importance, commonly referred to as palm oil and palm kernel oil, extracted from the mesocarp and the endosperm, respectively. While lauric acid predominates in endosperm oil, the major fatty acids (FAs) of mesocarp oil are palmitic and oleic acids. The oil palm embryo also stores oil, which contains a significant proportion of linoleic acid. In addition, the three tissues display high variation for oil content at maturity. To gain insight into the mechanisms that govern such differences in oil content and FA composition, tissue transcriptome and lipid composition were compared during development. The contribution of the cytosolic and plastidial glycolytic routes differed markedly between the mesocarp and seed tissues, but transcriptional patterns of genes involved in the conversion of sucrose to pyruvate were not related to variations for oil content. Accumulation of lauric acid relied on the dramatic up-regulation of a specialized acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase paralog and the concerted recruitment of specific isoforms of triacylglycerol assembly enzymes. Three paralogs of the WRINKLED1 (WRI1) transcription factor were identified, of which EgWRI1-1 and EgWRI1-2 were massively transcribed during oil deposition in the mesocarp and the endosperm, respectively. None of the three WRI1 paralogs were detected in the embryo. The transcription level of FA synthesis genes correlated with the amount of WRI1 transcripts and oil content. Changes in triacylglycerol content and FA composition of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves infiltrated with various combinations of WRI1 and FatB paralogs from oil palm validated functions inferred from transcriptome analysis.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : Elaeis guineensis, composition chimique, teneur en lipides, acide gras, acide laurique, acide oléique, acide linoléique, biosynthèse, physiologie végétale, transcription, génétique, graine oléagineuse, fruit (botanique), huile de palmiste, huile de palme

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Bénin

Classification Agris : F60 - Physiologie et biochimie végétale
F30 - Génétique et amélioration des plantes
Q04 - Composition des produits alimentaires

Champ stratégique Cirad : Axe 1 (2005-2013) - Intensification écologique

Auteurs et affiliations

• Dussert Stéphane, IRD (FRA)
• Guérin Chloé, PalmElit (FRA)
• Andersson Mariette, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SWE)
• Joët Thierry, IRD (FRA)
• Tranbarger Timothy John, IRD (FRA)
• Pizot Maxime, IRD (FRA)
• Gautier Sarah, INRA (FRA)
• Omoré Alphonse, INRAB (BEN)
• Durand-Gasselin Tristan, PalmElit (FRA)
• Morcillo Fabienne, CIRAD-BIOS-UMR DIADE (FRA)

Source : Cirad - Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/569763/)

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