Inhibition of Aspergillus carbonarius growth and Ochratoxin A production using lactic acid bacteria cultivated in an optimized medium

Domínguez-Gutiérrez G.A., Perraud-Gaime Isabelle, Escalona-Buendía H., Durand Noël, Champion-Martinez Elena Isabel, Fernández-Soto R.R., Saucedo-Castaneda Gerardo, Rodríguez-Serrano Gabriela Mariana. 2023. Inhibition of Aspergillus carbonarius growth and Ochratoxin A production using lactic acid bacteria cultivated in an optimized medium. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 404:110320, 9 p.

Résumé : The Gram-positive bacteria lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are used in the food industry but are also known for inhibiting certain food spoilage microorganisms, especially fungi. Sources of nitrogen (N) for culture media are generally organic and expensive. Many attempts have been made to formulate economical culture media with alternative N sources obtained from agricultural and industrial byproducts. This study describes the design and optimization of an inexpensive culture medium for Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (formerly Lactobacillus plantarum) MZ809351 strain B31. The culture medium was optimized using statistical experimental designs to identify the factors with the most significant effects on biomass concentration to reduce the overall cost, aiming to obtain a biomass concentration similar to that obtained with the reference LAB culture medium (de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe; MRS). Sodium acetate and magnesium sulfate were the most significant factors (p < 0.005), and their contents were reduced by 22 % and 40 %, respectively, without affecting biomass concentration. Malt germ extract (MGE) was used as an alternative nitrogen source to replace meat extract (ME) and proteose peptone (PP). Through these experiments, the composition of a culture medium that is less expensive than MRS broth was defined, which produced a biomass concentration (3.8 g/L) similar to that obtained with MRS medium. The inhibitory effects of two LAB strains isolated from the Ivory Coast and Mexico on the growth and production of ochratoxin A (OTA) in an ochratoxigenic fungus was tested. The minimum cellular concentration of the LAB to prevent the development of Aspergillus carbonarius Ac 089 and the production of OTA was determined in a model assay in Petri dishes. The conditions to inhibit the germination of A. carbonarius Ac 089 and the production of OTA were found. Using the optimized medium and a ratio of 2 × 104 LAB/spore (1 × 108 CFU/mL) strain B7 (L. plantarum MZ809351) and 2 × 103 LAB/spore (1 × 107 CFU/mL) strain B31 (L. plantarum MN922335) completely inhibited the growth of the fungus. A ratio of 2 × 105 LAB/spore (1 × 109 CFU/mL) was required to inhibit OTA production with strains B7 and B31. This study indicates the potential of cultivating LAB in an optimized and inexpensive culture medium for use as a biological control agent against ochratoxigenic fungi in food.

Mots-clés Agrovoc : ochratoxine, agent de lutte biologique, bactérie lactique, altération des aliments, Lactobacillus plantarum, Champignon, agro-industrie, protéose

Mots-clés géographiques Agrovoc : Côte d'Ivoire

Mots-clés libres : Lactic acid bacteria, Aspergillus carbonarius, Ochratoxin A, Malt germ extract, Nitrogen source

Classification Agris : Q03 - Contamination et toxicologie alimentaires
Q04 - Composition des produits alimentaires

Champ stratégique Cirad : CTS 3 (2019-) - Systèmes alimentaires

Agences de financement hors UE : Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Projets sur financement : (FRA) Utilisation des bactéries lactiques pour le contrôle du niveau d'ochratoxine A sur les grains de café.

Auteurs et affiliations

• Domínguez-Gutiérrez G.A., Metropolitan Autonomous University (MEX)
• Perraud-Gaime Isabelle, Aix-Marseille université (FRA)
• Escalona-Buendía H., Metropolitan Autonomous University (MEX)
• Durand Noël, CIRAD-PERSYST-UMR Qualisud (FRA) ORCID: 0000-0003-1627-6848
• Champion-Martinez Elena Isabel, Technological University of the Center of Veracruz (MEX)
• Fernández-Soto R.R., Metropolitan Autonomous University (MEX)
• Saucedo-Castaneda Gerardo, Metropolitan Autonomous University (MEX)
• Rodríguez-Serrano Gabriela Mariana, Metropolitan Autonomous University (MEX) - auteur correspondant

Source : Cirad-Agritrop (https://agritrop.cirad.fr/605623/)

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